“…Typically, 25 to 35˚C is the most favorable temperature eliciting autumn germination in the proportion of non-dormant/conditionally dormant seeds (Clebsch and Billings, 1976;Kibe and Masuzawa, 1994;Nishitani and Masuzawa, 1996;Körner, 1999;Novak et al, 2011). Autumn germination is facilitated further if the temperature fluctuates between 20 and 30˚C (Sayers and Ward, 1966;McDonough, 1970).…”