Gesso na produção de cultivares de milho com tolerância diferencial a alumínio em três níveis de calagem

Raij, Bernardo van; Furlani, Pedro Roberto; Quaggio, J. A.; Júnior, Armando Pettinelli

doi:10.1590/s0100-06831998000100014

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The effect of split applications changed in the deeper layers, so that in 0.4-0.6 m, no difference was observed between P1 and P2 and both were exceeded by P3, while in the 0.6-0.8 m layer, no splitting effect occurred. Increased S concentration in the soil was also reported in other studies, to a depth of 0.6 m (Caires et al, 2011a) and 0.8 m (Raij et al, 1998). In addition, the above results indicate that splitting the PG application could benefit the S levels in the soil, especially in the near-surface layers, improving S cycling by plants and increasing the soil stock.…”

Section: +supporting

confidence: 86%

“…There was no effect of treatment on soil K + concentrations ( (Raij et al, 1998;Caires et al, 2004 ) by the crops reduces the leaching effect (Raij et al, 1998). Another hypothesis is that the KSO 4 − formed after the PG reaction can bind to positive charges in the soil, which is not the case for MgSO 0 4 , making it more prone to leaching.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Phosphogypsum is a neutral salt without corrective properties for soil acidity, so no change in soil pH was expected from its use. Notwithstanding, there can be a small magnitude pH increase in subsurface soil due to SO 4 2− -S increase, which at high concentrations can displace the OH − that is adsorbed to Fe and Al hydrated oxides to the soil solution, a process known as "self-liming" (Reeve and Sumner, 1972), which is rather unstable and reversible (Raij, 2008). Similar results were obtained by Caires et al (1999) for the 0.2-0.4, 0.4-0.6 and 0.6-0.8 m layers, and in another study for the 0.2-0.4 and 0.4-0.6 m layers (Caires et al, 2003).…”

Section: Chemical Properties Of Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the vertical mobility of lime is reduced in NT, the subsurface soil changes to a more acidic environment with higher concentrations of exchangeable aluminum (Al 3+ ) (Raij et al, 1998;Ernani et al, 2001), creating a chemical limitation to root growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of PG proved effective in maximizing yields of Poaceae species under NT, especially those of corn (Raij et al, 1998;caires et al, 1999, 2011aToma et al, 1999) and wheat (Caires et al, 2002;Rashid et al, 2008). However, in most cases, no significant yield increases were observed in Fabaceae species, e g., in soybean (Nogueira and Melo, 2003;Caires et al, 2003Caires et al, , 2006Caires et al, , 2011aNeis et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Rates and Splitting of Phosphogypsum Applications Influence the Soil and Annual Crops in a No-Tillage System?

Vicensi

Müller

Kawakami

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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ABSTRACT:Applications of phosphogypsum (PG) provide nutrients to the soil and reduce Al 3+ activity, favoring soil fertility and root growth, but allow Mg 2+ mobilization through the soil profile, resulting in variations in the PG rate required to achieve the optimum crop yield. This study evaluated the effect of application rates and splitting of PG on soil fertility of a Typic Hapludox, as well as the influence on annual crops under no-tillage. Using a (4 × 3) + 1 factorial structure, the treatments consisted of four PG rates (3, 6, 9, ) and three split applications (P1 = 100 % in 2009; P2 = 50+50 % in 2009 and 2010; P3 = 33+33+33 % in 2009, 2010 and 2011), plus a control without PG. The soil was sampled six months after the last PG application, in stratified layers to a depth of 0.8 m. Corn, wheat and soybean were sown between November 2011 and December 2012, and leaf samples were collected for analysis when at least 50 % of the plants showed reproductive structures. The application of PG increased Ca 2+ concentrations in all sampled soil layers and the soil pH between 0.2 and 0.8 m, and reduced the concentrations of Al 3+ in all layers and of Mg 2+ to a depth of 0.6 m, without any effect of splitting the applications. The soil Ca/Mg ratio increased linearly to a depth of 0.6 m with the rates and were found to be higher in the 0.0-0.1 m layer of the P2 and P3 treatments than without splitting (P1). Sulfur concentrations increased linearly by application rates to a depth of 0.8 m, decreasing in the order P3>P2>P1 to a depth of 0.4 m and were higher in the treatments P3 and P2 than P1 between 0.4-0.6 m, whereas no differences were observed in the 0.6-0.8 m layer. No effect was recorded for K, P and potential acidity (H+Al). The leaf Ca and S concentration increased, while Mg decreased for all crops treated with PG, and there was no effect of splitting the application. The yield response of corn to PG rates was quadratic, with the maximum technical efficiency achieved at 6.38 Mg ha -1 of PG, while wheat yield increased linearly in a growing season with a drought period. Soybean yield was not affected by the PG rate, and splitting had no effect on the yield of any of the crops. Phosphogypsum improved soil fertility in the profile, however, Mg 2+ migrated downwards, regardless of application splitting. Splitting the PG application induced a higher Ca/Mg ratio in the 0.0-0.1 m layer and less S leaching, but did not affect the crop yield. The application rates had no effect on soybean yield, but were beneficial for corn and, especially, for wheat, which was affected by a drought period during growth.

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Section: +supporting

confidence: 86%

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Chemical Properties Of Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Do Rates and Splitting of Phosphogypsum Applications Influence the Soil and Annual Crops in a No-Tillage System?

Vicensi

Müller

Kawakami

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Long‐term effects of lime and phosphogypsum on soil carbon and nitrogen and physical attributes under tropical no‐till

Costa

Wander

Crusciol

et al. 2021

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Lime and phosphogypsum applications are well‐established practices in weathered soils, and their surface application under no‐till (NT) can affect soil physical attributes and C and N fractions. This study determined the long‐term (10‐yr) effects of lime and phosphogypsum applications to the soil surface on soil C and N fractions of a tropical NT field. The experimental design was a randomized block with four treatments and four replications. The following treatments were applied in October 2002, November 2004, and October 2010, respectively: limestone (2,000 kg ha−1), phosphogypsum (2,100 kg ha−1), and limestone (2,000 kg ha−1) plus phosphogypsum (2,100 kg ha−1). In general, after 10 yr of liming, both alone and when associated with phosphogypsum, the cumulative crop straw inputs were increased at least 20% across the years, and the C fractions increased remarkably at different soil depths. Both treatments improved the SOC stocks by 24% (12.5–15.6 Mg ha−1) at 0.1–0.2‐m soil depths and by 10% (30.6–33.8 Mg ha−1) at 0–0.2‐m soil depths, and in general the soil aggregation at 0–0.4‐m soil depths. However, the particulate C and N fractions were reduced at 0–0.05‐m soil depth, suggesting a slight response to the transitory trend of soil organic C (SOC) depletion. Liming, both alone and when associated with phosphogypsum, overcame the transitory C pool depletion and improved soil aggregation, soil C fractions, and SOC stocks and could be considered an important factor that drives the sustainability of cropping systems under NT.

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Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

Zambrosi

Alleoni

Caires

2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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No-till system (NTS) occupies 20 million hectares with grain crops in Brazil. However, calcium deficiency and aluminum toxicity can limit crop yields in many soils, and liming, associated to gypsum application, is an option for improving soil management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lime and gypsum application on the composition of soil water extracts of a clayey Rhodic Hapludox, cultivated with soybean under NTS. The experiment had a randomized complete block design with split-plots. The plots consisted of lime treatments (either a single rate of 4.5 t ha À1 or three annual rates of 1.5 t ha À1 ) surface-applied or incorporated at 0.2 m depth. The subplots received surface applications of gypsum (3, 6 and 9 t ha À1 ). Liming increased total calcium and magnesium concentrations and the magnesium free Form activity (aMg 2+ ) in the water extracts. The effect of liming on Mg was observed at deeper layers of the soil profile. Gypsum increased total concentration and free forms activities at calcium (aCa 2+ ) and sulfate, but decreased to magnesium in the 0.05-0.2 m soil layer. Part of Mg lost from these upper layers probably contributed to increased Mg in the subsoil (0.4-0.8 m). Free forms activities at the aluminum, calcium, magnesium and sulfate were lower than the total concentrations, mainly for aluminum. Ca and Mg concentrations in soybean leaf tissue were positively correlated to the aCa 2+ and aMg 2+ in the soil water extract. Soybean grain yield was negatively correlated to both Mn total concentration and activity (free form) in the soil water extract, but it was positively correlated to sulfate (total concentration and free form activity) in the subsoil layer and to the Ca total concentration in the upper layer (0-0.05 m). It is concluded that lime and gypsum ameliorate soybean grain yield under NTS.

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Gesso na produção de cultivares de milho com tolerância diferencial a alumínio em três níveis de calagem

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Do Rates and Splitting of Phosphogypsum Applications Influence the Soil and Annual Crops in a No-Tillage System?

Do Rates and Splitting of Phosphogypsum Applications Influence the Soil and Annual Crops in a No-Tillage System?

Long‐term effects of lime and phosphogypsum on soil carbon and nitrogen and physical attributes under tropical no‐till

Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

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