Gestation‐specific reference intervals for right and left ventricular ejection force from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation

Parasuraman, R; Osmond, Clive; Howe, David

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01660.x

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Similar finding were reported by Parasuraman et al . [ 3 ] and Russel et al . [ 10 ] Our study has also shown that the MPI has no correlation with either gestational age or heart rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there has been particular interest in fetal myocardial performance index (MPI or Tei index) as it gives an evaluation of both systolic and diastolic ventricular functions. [ 3 ] In fetus though cardiac failure is less common, implementation of this technique helps in identifying subtle changes in cardiac function in subclinical phase. This in turn helps in identifying the high-risk population and their subsequent management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal left ventricular myocardial performance index: Defining normal values for Indian population and a review of literature

Nair

Radhakrishnan

2016

Ann Pediatr Card

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Objective:The aim of this study was to determine normal values for fetal left ventricular (LV)-myocardial performance index (MPI) in Indian population and to assess its relation to advancing gestation and fetal heart rate (FHR).Materials and Methods:Two hundred pregnant women without any pregnancy-related complications and whose fetuses were shown to have structurally normal hearts were enrolled in this study. Doppler waveform involving simultaneous display of mitral inflow and LV outflow was obtained in all. Various intervals including isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and ejection time (ET) were measured and then the MPI was calculated using the formula IVCT + IVRT/ET. Also the correlation between MPI and gestation age and FHR was assessed. We also reviewed the literature on the use of MPI for the assessment of fetal LV function.Results:The normal MPI in second and third trimester fetuses of Indian population was 0.42 ± 0.03. The mean IVCT was 33 ± 4 milliseconds (ms), mean IVRT was 39 ± 5 ms, and mean ET was 169 ± 9 ms. The mean heart rate was 148 ± 8 bpm and the mean PR interval was 111 ± 10 ms. There was no significant association of LV-MPI with either FHR or advancing gestation.Conclusion:MPI is a useful parameter for the assessment global cardiac function. MPI has the advantage of not being affected by FHR, ventricular size, and geometry or image quality. The review of literature shows its significant importance in monitoring complicated pregnancies.

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“…Similar finding were reported by Parasuraman et al . [ 3 ] and Russel et al . [ 10 ] Our study has also shown that the MPI has no correlation with either gestational age or heart rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal left ventricular myocardial performance index: Defining normal values for Indian population and a review of literature

Nair

Radhakrishnan

2016

Ann Pediatr Card

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there are five reports on reference values of ejection forces of the cardiac chambers in the fetal period. [1112131415] In none of them, all the four cardiac chambers are simultaneously measured. Furthermore, there is no study on reference values of RAEF and LAEF during any week of gestation in healthy fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are only a few studies on ventricular ejection force in fetuses with normal and abnormal hearts, and the literature on fetal atrial ejection force is even scarcer. [1112131415] To the best of our knowledge, measurement and comparison of the ejection force of the four cardiac chambers of the normal fetal heart has not been reported so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial and ventricular ejection force of the fetal heart: Which of the four chambers is the dominant?

2019

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Background/Aim: This study aimed to measure and compare the ejection force of the cardiac chambers in healthy singleton fetuses and to investigate the relationship of ejection force of cardiac chambers with gestational age, fetal sex, and fetal heart rate. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was performed on 68 singleton fetuses with a gestational age of 17–34 weeks. Atrial and ventricular ejection force was measured. Measurements were repeated in 18 of the fetuses to assess intraobserver reliability. Results: The right atrium had the highest ejection force of all the cardiac chambers. Ejection force of both atria and ventricles increased with gestational age. Conclusion: The right atrium is the dominant chamber of the fetal heart in 17–34 weeks of gestation. Comparison of our values with previous studies indicates that left atrial ejection force almost doubles in the 1 st month after birth. This study highlights the crucial role of the right atrium in the fetal cardiac function during 17–34 weeks of gestation.

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“…RVO% could be measured in 20/26 (77%) of the patients with CDH and 17/23 (74%) of the patients with CPAM. Right ventricular ejection force [VEF(RV)] was calculated using the equation VEF(RV) = (1.055 × cross-sectional area of the pulmonary valve × velocity time interval during the acceleration phase) × (peak systolic velocity of the Doppler envelope/time to peak velocity) [20,21] and could be measured in 22/26 (85%) of the patients with CDH and 19/23 (83%) of the patients with CPAM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Effect Alone May Not Explain Pulmonary Vascular Pathology in Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Derderian

Jayme²,

Cheng³

et al. 2015

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) are diseases in which chest-occupying lesions can result in severe pulmonary hypoplasia. However, significant postnatal mortality due to pulmonary hypertension (PH) is more often seen in patients with CDH. We analyzed prenatal echocardiographic parameters of pulmonary vascular pathology in these groups to understand whether PH in patients with CDH is secondary to a mass effect or to underlying disease. We analyzed pre- and postnatal characteristics of 26 patients with severe CDH and 23 patients with severe CPAM from 2009 to 2012. Severe mediastinal compression, indicated by a low cardiothoracic ratio, was evident in both groups. However, fetuses with severe CDH had smaller pulmonary arteries bilaterally and higher pulsatility indices in the ipsilateral lung than those with severe CPAM. Prenatal modified McGoon indices were significantly lower in patients with CDH versus CPAM. Consistent with these prenatal measurements, postnatal PH was seen more frequently in patients with CDH compared to CPAM. Patients with severe CDH have prenatal evidence of pulmonary vascular remodeling compared to patients with severe CPAM. These results suggest a multifactorial origin for PH in CDH and support the idea of using prenatal medical therapies to promote vascular remodeling in these patients.

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Gestation‐specific reference intervals for right and left ventricular ejection force from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Fetal left ventricular myocardial performance index: Defining normal values for Indian population and a review of literature

Fetal left ventricular myocardial performance index: Defining normal values for Indian population and a review of literature

Atrial and ventricular ejection force of the fetal heart: Which of the four chambers is the dominant?

Mass Effect Alone May Not Explain Pulmonary Vascular Pathology in Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

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