Gestational and Neonatal Outcomes After Coronavirus Infection: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Covid-19 is a disease caused by the SARSCOV-2 virus. The first cases emerged in December 2019 in China and evolved into a global pandemic since 2020. In those infected, the clinical picture of the disease can range from mild or asymptomatic symptoms to severe forms with complications. It was found that during pregnancy there is a greater risk of maternal complications, especially when it occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy and puerperium, with an increase in cases of maternal death. Goal: To review the most prevalent possible gestational and neonatal complications in those infected with SARS-COV-2. Methodology: This is a systematic literature review with articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs) databases published in the period between February 2020 and December 2021, with the descriptors: "pregnant women", "neonates" and "SARS-CoV-2, with their translations into English, joined through the Boolean operator "AND" in the advanced search. Original publications were chosen. Results/Discussion: data were obtained from 2243 patients, all pregnant and with a confirmed diagnosis of SARSCoV-2. The most reported symptoms were: fever, cough, dyspnea and sore throat. A high prevalence of cesarean deliveries was found. Preterm birth was the most common obstetric complication, followed by PRMO. Significant percentages of neonates evolved with some type of respiratory disorder and died. Conclusion: the most prevalent clinical manifestations in pregnant women with COVID-19 were similar to those found in pregnant women without the infection; high percentages of obstetric and neonatal complications and cesarean deliveries have been described after COVID-19 infection.