Gestational and pre‐gestational diabetes: comparison of maternal and fetal characteristics and outcome

Mallah, Khalil; Narchi, Hassib; Kulaylat, Naji; Shaban, Mamoun

doi:10.1016/s0020-7292(97)00084-2

Cited by 49 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[7] Another study of 972 GDM mothers in Saudi Arabia showed that the common complications were perineal tear (18%) that caused postpartum hemorrhage, followed by gestational hypertension (2%). [14]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its outcome in western Rajasthan

Kalra

Kachhwaha

Singh

2013

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Background:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder defined as glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Women with GDM are at increased risk for adverse obstetric and perinatal outcome. Hence, it is imperative that an early detection and management of the disease is done to ensure better maternal and fetal outcomes.Aims:This study was done to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes using diabetes in pregnancy Study Group India (DIPSI) criteria and further assess its feto-maternal outcome in western Rajasthan.Materials and Methods:This study was carried out in 500 patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, attending the antenatal outdoor. These patients were given 75 g oral glucose irrespective of the meals and their plasma glucose was estimated at 2 h. Patients with plasma glucose values ΃140 mg/dl were labeled as GDM and the rest as the control or the non-GDM group. All GDM patients were followed up and treated with diet and/or insulin therapy till delivery to know maternal and fetal outcomes.Results:The prevalence of GDM in this study was 6.6%. Maternal and fetal complications in the GDM group were much higher than in the non-GDM group. Hypertension, vaginal candidiasis, and abruptio placentae were the common maternal complications, while macrosomia and stillbirths occurred in the fetuses.Conclusion:GDM as a disease entity adversely affects maternal and fetal outcomes. This also builds a strong case for following DIPSI guidelines in diagnosis and management of GDM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its outcome in western Rajasthan

Kalra

Kachhwaha

Singh

2013

Indian J Endocr Metab

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“…Studies have shown high rates of caesarean delivery in women with GDM than in their nondiabetic counterparts (18,(27)(28)(29)(30). In a retrospective cohort study of 874 U.S. women with class A1 GDM, Casey et al (31) reported a significantly higher caesarean delivery in these women compared with the general obstetric population (30 vs. 17%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women With Impaired Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy Have Significantly Poor Pregnancy Outcomes

Yang

Hsu-Hage

Zhang³

et al. 2002

Diabetes Care

166

102

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OBJECTIVE -This article tests the hypothesis that women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) have the same pregnancy outcomes as those of their counterparts with normal glucose tolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-From December 1998 to December 1999, 84 of 90 antenatal care base units (ACBUs) under the Tianjin Antenatal Care Network in China participated in the first screening program for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 9,471 pregnant women under the care of participating ACBUs were screened. Of the women screened, 154 were positive for IGT. Of the 154 women, 102 opted for conventional obstetric care. The comparison group was 302 women of normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The initial screening consisted of a 50-g 1-h glucose test, and was carried out at 26 -30 gestational weeks. Women with a serum glucose Ն7.8 mmol/l were followed up with a 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. The World Health Organization's diagnostic criteria for GDM were used.RESULTS -Women with IGT were at increased risk for premature rupture of membranes (P-ROM) (odds ratio [OR] 10.07; 95% CI 2.90 -34.93); preterm birth (6.42; 1.46 -28.34); breech presentation (3.47; 1.11-10.84); and high birth weight (90th percentile or 4,000 g) (2.42; 1.07-5.46); adjusting for maternal age, pregravid BMI, hospital levels, and other confounding factors.CONCLUSIONS -The presence of IGT in pregnancy is predictive of poor pregnancy outcomes.

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“…Maternal demographics, OGTT and Hb results, pregnancy complications and infant outcome were compared between the groups with and without the athalassaemia trait. The pregnancy complications we examined included caesarean section [20±22], pre-eclampsia [20±22], antepartum haemorrhage [22], and preterm birth [21]. For infant outcome, large-for-gestational age (LGA) is defined as birthweight above the 90th percentile for gestational age in our local population according to our standardised chart.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Thalassaemia trait and gestational diabetes mellitus in Hong Kong

Lao

2001

Diabetologia

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It is well documented that the health of subjects with b-thalassaemia major or intermedia is complicated by an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and other endocrine disorders [1±7]. This is consequent to haemosiderosis, which is due to repeated blood transfusion and chronic haemolysis. However, little is known about the risk of diabetes mellitus, whether as a complication of treatment or of the underlying condition, in subjects with a-thalassaemia.Alpha-thalassaemia is absent or rare in Europe and Northern Asia and China [8,9]. In Southern China and Southeast Asia, the a-thalassaemia trait, haemoglobin H disease, and a-thalassaemia hydrops fetalis are found [8]. The incidence of the a-thalassaemia trait is about 6 % around Hong Kong [10,11], and up to 15 % in Southern China [9]. A recent study [12] confirmed that 5 % of the Chinese population in Hong Kong carry the a-thalassaemia trait. The overwhelming majority (4.5 %) are carriers of the Southeast Asian type of deletion, in which both a-globin genes on the same chromosome 16 are deleted (a-1 Diabetologia (2001) Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal a-thalassaemia trait and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus in at-risk Chinese women in Hong Kong. Methods. From 3320 pregnant women who had delivered in our hospital and undergone the oral glucose tolerance test for various risk factors over a threeyear period, 163 with a-thalassaemia trait were identified (study group). The control group consisted of 163 women chosen from the next patient that was matched for maternal age and parity, following each index case. Comparison was made in the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus defined by the World Health Organisation criteria, obstetric complications, and perinatal outcome. Results. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus was higher in the study group (62.0 % vs 14.7 %, p < 0.0001) which had a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index and lower haemoglobin concentrations. Although more patients in the study group had risk factors (41.7 % vs 26.4 %, p = 0.003), there was no difference in the pregnancy outcome or perinatal complications. Among the gestational diabetic women, those with a-thalassaemia trait were considerably younger and their infants had lower body mass index but there was no significant difference in the outcome. On multiple logistic regression analysis, the athalassaemia trait remained an important factor in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (OR 11.74, 95 % CI 6.37±21.63). Conclusion/interpretation. Among women at risk of gestational diabetes, the presence of the a-thalassaemia trait is an additional risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. [Diabetologia (2001) 44: 966±971]

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Gestational and pre‐gestational diabetes: comparison of maternal and fetal characteristics and outcome

Abstract: The incidence of maternal, fetal and neonatal complications in GDM is similar to pre-GDM patients and their offspring. Both GDM and pre-GDM pregnancies and the offspring should, therefore, be monitored and managed identically.

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its outcome in western Rajasthan

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its outcome in western Rajasthan

Women With Impaired Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy Have Significantly Poor Pregnancy Outcomes

α-Thalassaemia trait and gestational diabetes mellitus in Hong Kong

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