Gestational diabetes and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Purpose of reviewThis review provides an update on gestational diabetes (GDM) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common metabolic disorders and causes of infertility. Recent findingsRecent studies using Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for PCOS have supported prior literature suggesting that pregnant individuals with PCOS are at an increased risk of GDM. Risk factors for GDM in this population include overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and history of miscarriage. It is possible that subtypes of PCOS (metabolic vs. lean/reproductive) pose differential risk. There are no current screening or treatment guidelines specifically for individuals with PCOS for GDM prevention. Although metformin has been studied for GDM prevention in PCOS, there has been no proven benefit. For infertility treatment, assisted reproductive technology and in-vitro fertilization do not appear to increase the risk of GDM in individuals with PCOS desiring pregnancy.

Nomogram-based risk assessment for emergency cervical cerclage failure in patients with cervical insufficiency

“…PCOS is a common reproductive endocrine and metabolic disorder in women and is a high risk factor for adverse pregnancy complications. PCOS in pregnant women has been associated with higher rates of gestational diabetes, hypertension, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm labor, macrosomia, and cervical incompetence [ [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ]. Wu et al performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis of Chinese women treated with ART [ 25 ].…”

Effects of dietary intervention combined with insulin aspart on serum nesfatin-1 and CTRP12 levels and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

“…The use of insulin aspart can significantly reduce blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations in patients with GDM; however, it is often ineffective due to the poor dietary control of patients. [ 27 , 28 ] Dietary intervention combined with insulin aspart treatment is effective for controlling the blood sugar of patients with GDM and optimizing the treatment outcomes. [ 29 ] In this study, the overall effectiveness of treatment was significantly higher in the dietary intervention group than in the control group, which is consistent with previous research indicating that dietary intervention combined with insulin aspart is more effective than insulin aspart alone.…”