Getting It Right Online: Young Women’s Negotiations in the Face of Cyberviolence in Karnataka

Gurumurthy, Anita; Vasudevan, Amrita; Chami, Nandini; Mahesh, Sarada

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3873882

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…However, reviewed literature indicates certain trends in perpetrator profiles across countries in Asia. Although both men and women are impacted by technology-facilitated GBV, women and girls in Asia face online gender-based and sexual harassment at disproportionately higher rates compared to their male peers (Cai et al, 2021; Gurumurthy, Vasudevan, Chami & Mahesh, 2019; Koirala, 2020; Kovacs et al, 2013; Plan International and Save the Children, 2020; UN Women, 2020; Xu, 2010). Online acts of violent behaviors are most often conducted by men (Devika et al, 2019; Mardianto et al, 2019; Marret & Choo, 2017), although this trend varies depending on the form of technology-facilitated violence.…”

Section: Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Across Asia

Bansal

Rezwan

Iyer

et al. 2023

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Technology-facilitated gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive issue. Yet, most research focuses on high-income countries and few studies comprehensively summarize its prevalence, manifestations, and implications in the Global South. This scoping review sought to examine technology-facilitated GBV in low- and middle-income countries across Asia, specifically focusing on trends, common behaviors, and characteristics of perpetrators and survivors. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and gray literature published between 2006 and 2021 yielded 2,042 documents, of which 97 articles were included in the review. Across South and Southeast Asia, findings indicate that technology-facilitated GBV is a widespread phenomenon, with increased incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technology-facilitated GBV comprises various forms of behaviors and prevalence varies by type of violence. Women, girls, and sexual and gender minorities, especially those with other intersecting marginalized identities, are often more vulnerable to experiencing online violence. Alongside these findings, the review revealed gaps in the literature including a lack of evidence from Central Asia and the Pacific Islands. There is also limited data on prevalence which we attribute to underreporting, in part due to disjointed, outdated, or nonexistent legal definitions. Findings from the study can be leveraged by key stakeholders such as researchers, practitioners, governments, and technology companies to develop prevention, response, and mitigation efforts.

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Section: Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Across Asia

Bansal

Rezwan

Iyer

et al. 2023

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Survivors from India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan also reported being ignored or told that their experience did not violate community standards (Halder, 2017). Published community standards and reporting mechanisms are also almost exclusively in English, creating a barrier for individuals in countries where English is not the native language (Chowdhury, 2016;Gurumurthy et al, 2019b;Quilt.AI and ICRW, 2021;Posetti et al, 2021). In India, survivors reported a lack of response when their complaints were made in languages other than English, suggesting that technology companies are not equipped to handle grievances in native languages (Gurumurthy et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Technology Companiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In India and Indonesia, anti-obscenity and anti-pornography laws are used to prosecute image-based abuse cases (Kamilla, 2021;Government of India, 2008). However, these laws are often used to protect 'social decency' or to justify persecution of the LGBTQIA+ community (Xu, 2010;Gurumurthy et al, 2019b;Boellstorff, 2020). Bangladesh's Digital Security Act of 2018 has also been used to overreach on issues of privacy and dissent, using the facade of addressing technologyfacilitated GBV as a proxy to quell free speech online that challenges political figures (Chowdhury, 2016).…”

Section: Government and Legal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Governments also face response and prevention challenges in creating and enforcing timely and comprehensive laws for technology-facilitated GBV. The dynamism of this form of violence and the platforms on which occurs, coupled with the lack of understanding about the perpetuation of violence through technology, make it difficult for lawmakers to pass and execute laws that fully encompass the issue (Chowdhury, 2016;Halder, 2017;Akter, 2018;Gurumurthy et al, 2019b). This influences how survivors interact with the legal system.…”

Section: Government and Legal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most survivors choose not to share their experiences, perceiving that family members are likely to blame or not believe them (Devika et al, 2019). In India, women and girls reported fearing retribution from their family if they disclosed, worrying that their phones and laptops would be confiscated or their online activities restricted (Sittichai, 2014;Hassan et al, 2018;Devika et al, 2019;Gurumurthy et al, 2019b;Sambasivan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Social Support Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Help-seeking behaviours of those experiencing technology-facilitated GBV in Asia: implications for policy and programming

Bansal

Leasure

Roth

et al. 2023

Journal of Gender-Based Violence

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Technology-facilitated gender-based violence (GBV) has become an increasing issue in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic which prompted a significant rise in online activity. In addition to amplifying traditional forms of abusive behaviours such as stalking, bullying and sexual harassment, information and communication technologies have facilitated new manifestations of violence such as image-based abuse, doxing, gendertrolling, impersonation and hacking, among others. Women, children, sexual, religious and ethnic minorities, and other vulnerable groups are particularly vulnerable to elevated risks of experiencing violence. Based on findings from a scoping review, this article discusses how certain key stakeholders – identified as technology companies, government and legal systems, and social support systems – are used in the help-seeking process by those who have experienced technology-facilitated GBV. We seek to highlight particular nuances which key actors must consider when addressing technology-facilitated GBV and summarise gaps and propose recommendations to inform policy and programming efforts in low- and middle-income countries across Asia.

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Getting It Right Online: Young Women’s Negotiations in the Face of Cyberviolence in Karnataka

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A Scoping Review of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Across Asia

A Scoping Review of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Across Asia

Help-seeking behaviours of those experiencing technology-facilitated GBV in Asia: implications for policy and programming

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