“Getting sicker quicker”: Does living in a more deprived neighbourhood mean your health deteriorates faster?

Ellaway, Anne; Benzeval, Michaela; Green, Michael J.; Leyland, Alastair H.; MacIntyre, Sally

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.08.005

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In other selected studies evaluating physical activity and obesity-related health factors other than body weight, duration of residence was not found to play a significant role. 31,32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Weight Gain

Powell‐Wiley¹,

Cooper-McCann

Ayers

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction Despite a proposed connection between neighborhood environment and obesity, few longitudinal studies have examined the relationship between change in neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, as defined by moving between neighborhoods, and change in body weight. The purpose of this study is to examine the longitudinal relationship between moving to more socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods and weight gain as a cardiovascular risk factor. Methods Weight (kg) was measured in the Dallas Heart Study (DHS), a multiethnic cohort aged 18–65 years, at baseline (2000–2002) and 7-year follow-up (2007–2009, N=1,835). Data were analyzed in 2013–2014. Geocoded addresses were linked to Dallas County, TX census block groups. A block group-level neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) was created. Multilevel difference-in-difference models with random effects and a Heckman correction factor (HCF) determined weight change relative to NDI change. Results Forty-nine percent of the DHS population moved (263 to higher NDI, 586 to lower NDI, 47 within same NDI), with blacks more likely to move than whites or Hispanics (p<0.01), but similar baseline BMI and waist circumference were observed in movers vs. non-movers (p>0.05). Adjusting for HCF, sex, race, and time-varying covariates, those who moved to areas of higher NDI gained more weight compared to those remaining in the same or moving to a lower NDI (0.64 kg per 1-unit NDI increase, 95% CI=0.09, 1.19). Impact of NDI change on weight gain increased with time (p=0.03). Conclusions Moving to more–socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods was associated with weight gain among DHS participants.

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“…In other selected studies evaluating physical activity and obesity-related health factors other than body weight, duration of residence was not found to play a significant role. 31,32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Weight Gain

Powell‐Wiley¹,

Cooper-McCann

Ayers

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Do et al, 2011; Dulin-Keita et al, 2012; Nazmi et al, 2010) Moreover, recent studies evaluating neighborhood-level SES and weight change did not account for length of residence in the analyses. (Coogan et al, 2010; Stafford et al, 2010; Stoddard et al, 2013) Length of residence was not found to be an effect modifier in the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and deterioration of perceived health (Ellaway et al, 2012) or poor health behaviors, including physical inactivity. (Halonen et al, 2012) However, these studies did not look specifically at weight change as an outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation predicts weight gain in a multi-ethnic population: Longitudinal data from the Dallas Heart Study

Powell‐Wiley

Ayers

Agyemang

et al. 2014

Preventive Medicine

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Objective To examine relationship between neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation and weight change in a multi-ethnic cohort from Dallas County, Texas and whether behavioral/psychosocial factors attenuate the relationship. Methods Non-movers (those in the same neighborhood throughout the study period) aged 18–65 (N=939) in Dallas Heart Study (DHS) underwent weight measurements between 2000–2009 (median 7-year follow-up). Geocoded home addresses defined block groups; a neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) was created (higher NDI=greater deprivation). Multi-level modeling determined weight change relative to NDI. Model fit improvement was examined with adding physical activity and neighborhood environment perceptions (higher score=more unfavorable perceptions) as covariates. A significant interaction between residence length and NDI was found (p-interaction=0.04); results were stratified by median residence length (11 years). Results Adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, education/income, those who lived in neighborhood>11 years gained 1.0 kilograms (kg) per one-unit increment of NDI (p=0.03), or 6 kg for those in highest NDI tertile compared with those in the lowest tertile. Physical activity improved model fit; NDI remained associated with weight gain after adjustment for physical activity and neighborhood environment perceptions. There was no significant relationship between NDI and weight change for those in their neighborhood≤11 years. Conclusions Living in more socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods over a longer time period was associated with weight gain in DHS.

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“…With a few exceptions, 79,91,101,104,[127][128][129] prior studies have not applied experimental or quasi-experimental approaches in testing whether urban greening affects health and safety and therefore have limited ability to establish causal mechanisms. 64 Despite implementation challenges and longer study periods, new studies should aim to provide the highest level of evidence through randomized controlled trials.…”

Section: Experimental and Mixed-methods Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Strategies for Improving Urban Health and Safety

2015

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Place-based programs are being noticed as key opportunities to prevent disease and promote public health and safety for populations at-large. As one key type of place-based intervention, nature-based and green space strategies can play an especially large role in improving health and safety for dwellers in urban environments such as US legacy cities that lack nature and greenery. In this paper, we describe the current understanding of place-based influences on public health and safety. We focus on nonchemical environmental factors, many of which are related to urban abandonment and blight. We then review findings from studies of nature-based interventions regarding impacts on health, perceptions of safety, and crime. Based on our findings, we suggest that further research in this area will require (1) refined measures of green space, nature, and health and safety for cities, (2) interdisciplinary science and cross-sector policy collaboration, (3) observational studies as well as randomized controlled experiments and natural experiments using appropriate spatial counterfactuals and mixed methods, and (4) return-on-investment calculations of potential economic, social, and health costs and benefits of urban greening initiatives. KEYWORDS Urban nature, Green space, Place-based interventions, Public health, CrimeThere is growing support of place-based programs to help prevent disease and promote public health and safety. [1][2][3][4][5] This movement is largely motivated by increasing findings that public health interventions targeted at individuals or behaviors have limited effect on health and safety outcomes at a population scale. 6 For example, educational programs that promote behavioral change among very specific, targeted population groups may not impact broader societal issues such as the actual contexts within which unhealthy behaviors like tobacco use, lack of exercise, poor diet, distracted driving, and violence occur. 7-9 Moreover, programmatic impact is rarely sustained beyond the small study populations that are targeted. When funding ends, program impact thus also often ends unless, in very rare instances, the program itself somehow becomes institutionalized or part of a larger social norm.Place-based programs rest on increasing evidence that in addition to biological and individual attributes, everyday environments have a potentially strong and Kondo is with the USDA-Forest Service, Northern Research Station,

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“Getting sicker quicker”: Does living in a more deprived neighbourhood mean your health deteriorates faster?

Cited by 52 publications

References 47 publications

Change in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Weight Gain

Change in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Weight Gain

Neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation predicts weight gain in a multi-ethnic population: Longitudinal data from the Dallas Heart Study

Nature-Based Strategies for Improving Urban Health and Safety

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