“…Bird et al ., 2016), but also to negative cross-ethnic attitudes (e.g. Bouchard, 2020). Regarding local candidates, while evidence of positive co-ethnic voting has been reported (Landa et al ., 1995; Cutler, 2002; Berdahl et al ., 2011; Tolley and Goodyear-Grant, 2014; Besco, 2015), there is little proof of a penalty suffered by candidates of color (Tossutti and Najem, 2002; Black and Erickson, 2006; Black and Hicks 2006; Murakami, 2014; but see Besco, 2018).…”