Getting to the root of divergent outcomes in the modulation of plant–soil feedbacks by benzoxazinoids

Bass, Ethan

doi:10.1111/nph.19545

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…This is known to be mediated by phytohormones such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid [ 35 – 37 ] or by cyanogenic compounds, such as linamarin and lotaustralin [ 38 ]. In the grass family Poaceae , benzoxazinoids (BXs) are also a predominant class of plant defense molecules with antimicrobial and insecticidal activity [ 39 – 43 ]. BXs are secondary metabolites that are stored in a stable glucoside form in vacuoles within plant cells, released upon cell damage, and transformed into the active, unstable aglucone form [ 39 , 40 , 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural plant disease suppressiveness in soils extends to insect pest control

Harmsen,

Vesga,

Glauser

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Background Since the 1980s, soils in a 22-km2 area near Lake Neuchâtel in Switzerland have been recognized for their innate ability to suppress the black root rot plant disease caused by the fungal pathogen Thielaviopsis basicola. However, the efficacy of natural disease suppressive soils against insect pests has not been studied. Results We demonstrate that natural soil suppressiveness also protects plants from the leaf-feeding pest insect Oulema melanopus. Plants grown in the most suppressive soil have a reduced stress response to Oulema feeding, reflected by dampened levels of herbivore defense-related phytohormones and benzoxazinoids. Enhanced salicylate levels in insect-free plants indicate defense-priming operating in this soil. The rhizosphere microbiome of suppressive soils contained a higher proportion of plant-beneficial bacteria, coinciding with their microbiome networks being highly tolerant to the destabilizing impact of insect exposure observed in the rhizosphere of plants grown in the conducive soils. We suggest that presence of plant-beneficial bacteria in the suppressive soils along with priming, conferred plant resistance to the insect pest, manifesting also in the onset of insect microbiome dysbiosis by the displacement of the insect endosymbionts. Conclusions Our results show that an intricate soil–plant-insect feedback, relying on a stress tolerant microbiome network with the presence of plant-beneficial bacteria and plant priming, extends natural soil suppressiveness from soilborne diseases to insect pests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural plant disease suppressiveness in soils extends to insect pest control

Harmsen,

Vesga,

Glauser

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Reduced belowground allocation of freshly assimilated C contributes to negative plant-soil feedback in successive winter wheat rotations

Kaloterakis,

Kummer,

Le Gall

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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Aims Successive winter wheat (WW) rotations are associated with yield reduction, often attributed to the unfavorable soil microbes that persist in the soil through plant residues. How rotational positions of WW affect the allocation of freshly assimilated carbon (C), an energy source for soil microbes, above and belowground remains largely unknown. Methods A 13CO2 pulse labeling rhizotron experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to study freshly fixed C allocation patterns. WW was grown in soil after oilseed rape (W1), after one season of WW (W2), and after three successive seasons of WW (W4). We used an automatic manifold system to measure excess 13C of soil respiration at six depths and five different dates. Excess 13C was also measured in dissolved organic C (DOC), microbial and plant biomass pools. Results There was a strong yield decline in successive WW rotations accompanied by distinct changes in root growth. Higher excess 13C of soil respiration was measured in W1 compared to W4, especially in the topsoil during at later growth stages. Higher excess 13C of the DOC and the microbial biomass was also traced in W1 and W4 compared to W2. Less 13C was taken up by successive WW rotations. Conclusions Our study demonstrates a mechanism through which the rotational position of WW affects the allocation of freshly assimilated C above and belowground. WW after oilseed rape sustains belowground allocation of freshly assimilated C for a longer time than successively grown WW and incorporates more of this C to its biomass.

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Natural soil suppressiveness against soilborne phytopathogens extends to the control of insect pest

Harmsen,

Vesga,

Glauser

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Since the 1980s, soils in a 22-km2area near Lake Neuchâtel in Switzerland have been recognized for their innate ability to suppress the black root rot plant disease. Their efficacy against insect pests has not been studied. We demonstrate that natural soil suppressiveness also protects plants from the leaf-feeding pest insectOulema melanopus. Plants grown in the most suppressive soil have a reduced stress response toOulemafeeding, reflected by dampened levels of herbivore defense-related phytohormones and benzoxazinoids, and enhanced salicylate levels in plants without the insect indicate defense-priming. The rhizosphere microbiome network of the suppressive soils was highly tolerant to the destabilizing impact of insect exposure. The presence of plant-beneficial bacteria in the suppressive soils along with priming conferred plant resistance to the insect pest, manifesting also in the onset of insect microbiome dysbiosis. This intricate soil-plant-insect feedback extends natural soil suppressiveness from soilborne diseases to insect pests.

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Getting to the root of divergent outcomes in the modulation of plant–soil feedbacks by benzoxazinoids

Abstract: This article is a Commentary on Gfeller et al. (2024), 241: 2575–2588.

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Natural plant disease suppressiveness in soils extends to insect pest control

Natural plant disease suppressiveness in soils extends to insect pest control

Reduced belowground allocation of freshly assimilated C contributes to negative plant-soil feedback in successive winter wheat rotations

Natural soil suppressiveness against soilborne phytopathogens extends to the control of insect pest

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