Getting Your Hands Dirty Outside the Lab: A Practical Primer for Conducting Wearable Vibrotactile Haptics Research

Blum, Jeffrey R.; Fortin, Pascal E.; Taha, Feras Al; Alirezaee, Parisa; Demers, Marc; Weill–Duflos, Antoine; Cooperstock, Jeremy R.

doi:10.1109/toh.2019.2930608

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Among haptic displays, the vibrotactile display is the most widespread class of haptic devices, found in a variety of consumer electronics devices [44], and thus it is expected that the human ability to localize vibration outside the body will be used in applications.…”

Section: Use Of Vibration Localization Outside Body In Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Vibration Source Localization in Two-Dimensional Space Around Hand

Ujitoko

Tokuhisa

Sakurai

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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This study investigated the localization ability of an impulse vibration source outside the body in two-dimensional space. We tested whether humans can recognize the direction or distance of an impulse vibration source when using their hand to detect spatiotemporal vibrotactile information provided by the propagated vibrational wave from the source. Specifically, we had users put their hands on a silicone rubber sheet in several postures. We asked users to indicate the position of the vibration source when a location on the sheet was indented. Experimental results suggested that the direction of the impact vibration source can be recognized to some extent, although recognition accuracy depends on hand posture and the position of the vibration source. The best results were achieved when the fingers and palm were grounded and a vibration source was presented around the middle fingertip, and the directional recognition error in this case was 6 • . In contrast, results suggest it is difficult to accurately recognize the distance of the vibration. The results of this study suggest a new possibility for directional display where vibrotactile actuators are embedded at a distance from the user's hand.

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Section: Use Of Vibration Localization Outside Body In Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Vibration Source Localization in Two-Dimensional Space Around Hand

Ujitoko

Tokuhisa

Sakurai

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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“…Several patterns can be constructed with only a few spatially arranged pads, and thus, many messages can be conveyed to the user 1,14,27–29 . Despite the large surface of the skin, the most sensitive areas (e.g., hands, inner portion of the legs, or face) are usually impractical for conveying haptic information 30 . In recent years, wearable tactile devices placed on the torso have gained attention 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,14,[27][28][29] Despite the large surface of the skin, the most sensitive areas (e.g., hands, inner portion of the legs, or face) are usually impractical for conveying haptic information. 30 In recent years, wearable tactile devices placed on the torso have gained attention. 31 Transmitting information through tactile stimulation delivered to the torso or the base of the neck, results in active body segments (e.g., upper and lower limbs) being fully available for other activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encoding of spatial patterns using electrotactile stimulation via a multi‐pad electrode placed on the torso

Jure

Spaich

Malešević³

et al. 2022

Artificial Organs

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Background Tactile stimulation can be used to convey information to a user in different scenarios while avoiding overloading other senses. Tactile messages can be transmitted as spatial patterns, potentially allowing for a high information throughput. The aim of the present study was to design and test different encoding schemes to determine the best approach for conveying spatial patterns. Methods Encoding schemes with simultaneous (SIM) and sequential pad activation (SEQ) were evaluated, including four SEQ variants designed to potentially facilitate the recognition. In SEQ‐col and SEQ‐row, the column and row of the activated pad were signified using different frequencies, while SEQ‐all and SEQ‐all‐fast included the activation of all pads where those belonging to the pattern were indicated by changes in frequency (ON pads). The success rate (SR) of the pattern identification and the response time were quantified in 15 participants who recognized 20 patterns delivered through a 3 × 2 pad matrix placed on the lateral torso. Results SIM was not a feasible method to present the patterns (median, 15%; IQR, 5%). The SR improved with SEQ (median, 60%; IQR, 20%) and further increased with additional cues, particularly with SEQ‐row (median, 78.3%; IQR, 23.3%) and SEQ‐all (median, 96.7%; IQR, 5%). Importantly, the stimulation time of SEQ‐all could be decreased without a substantial drop in accuracy (SEQ‐all‐fast: median, 89.2%; IQR, 19.2%). Conclusions The spatiotemporal stimulation with sequential activation of all pads (SEQ‐all) seems to be the method of choice when conveying tactile messages as spatial patterns. This is an important outcome for increasing the information bandwidth of communication through the tactile channel.

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“…There are different types of actuators that each produce different tactile stimulation, e.g, eccentric rotating mass (ERM) motors, linear resonant actuators (LRA), and piezoelectric actuators. ERM or LRA are the most common actuators in most research due to their easy use in prototypes and their low price (Blum, Fortin, Al Taha, Alirezaee, Demers, Weill-Duflos & Cooperstock, 2019).…”

Section: Haptic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vibration Frequency Mismatch on Apparent Tactile Motion

Kasaei

Lévesque

2022

2022 IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS)

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Vibrotactile feedback is increasingly common in our daily life. This growth in haptic feedback usage has produced a demand for higher quality feedback that improves users' experience when they communicate with different devices. The experience of sophisticated haptic feedback could further improve when more than one haptic devices are used simultaneously. A combination of different haptic devices could for example make it possible to feel illusions such as apparent tactile motion and phantom tactile sensations. The apparent tactile motion illusion, in particular, allows the perception of a continuously moving stimulus when two or more non-moving stimuli are produced with specific timing and distance intervals. This illusion could for example create a sensation of flow between multiple haptic devices, such as between a smartwatch and a handheld controller. Questions arise, however, when the haptic devices used are not designed to operate together, as may be the case for commercial products. How does a mismatch in the resonant frequency of two actuators affect the detection of tactile illusions, and more specifically apparent tactile motion? Does this illusion break down as the frequency mismatch increases? While perceptual illusions have been investigated for more than a century, most studies that investigate the influence of parameters on motion perception have assumed that the actuators used at two body locations are identical and therefore produced vibrations with the same amplitude and frequency. We ran two experiments to investigate the effect of mismatching vibratory frequency on the perception of apparent tactile motion. We asked participants to judge the tactile motion direction while the frequency was mismatched, the perceived intensity was normalized, and the distance between actuators and timing parameters were fixed. We simulated having actuators with different properties by changing the frequency and amplitude of the vibration pulses produced by a wide-band actuator. We varied frequencies in a range from 50 to 250 Hz and adjusted the amplitude to normalize the perceived intensity. The results suggest that the apparent tactile motion illusion is robust to mismatches in resonant frequency of actuators and that it can therefore be used with haptic devices manufactured with different specifications.

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Getting Your Hands Dirty Outside the Lab: A Practical Primer for Conducting Wearable Vibrotactile Haptics Research

Cited by 18 publications

References 78 publications

Impact Vibration Source Localization in Two-Dimensional Space Around Hand

Impact Vibration Source Localization in Two-Dimensional Space Around Hand

Encoding of spatial patterns using electrotactile stimulation via a multi‐pad electrode placed on the torso

Effect of Vibration Frequency Mismatch on Apparent Tactile Motion

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