GGE Biplot Analysis to Explore the Adaption Potential of Italian Common Wheat Genotypes

Abstract

Given the substantial variation in global wheat yield, insufficient research in cultivar selection for climate change, and the lack of suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems, there is a requisite for soft wheat genotypes, with stable grain yield as well as quality parameters. The present study was aimed at genotype evaluation (GGE biplot for “mean performance versus stability”) not only for yield, but also for technological, phytosanitary and functional quality parameters of 24 Triticum aestivum L. genotypes (eight landraces, old and modern varieties, respectively) within a single organic farm location (Argelato, Emilia-Romagna, Italy) over three consecutive years. Overall, high yield stability was shown for the landraces and old varieties. In particular, the landraces Piave and Gamba di Ferro, as well as the old variety Verna, showed high stability with above-average means for numerous quality parameters of interest. Additionally, relative stability combined with above-average mean for quality parameters was also demonstrated for the high-yielding Gentil Bianco and Guà 113. Aside from Verna, these “unrecognized” resilient genotypes were also shown to meet the requisites for suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems. Future potential utilization of these more stable landraces in addressing climate change would also ultimately facilitate the survival of valuable genetic resources.

A Comparative Assessment of Agronomic and Baking Qualities of Modern/Old Varieties and Landraces of Wheat Grown in Calabria (Italy)

“…On the contrary, the other genotypes showed a completely opposite trend, with exceptionally higher GI for modern genotypes (70–100%). Among them, Bologna presented the highest WGC with a value similar to that reported in Bosi et al [ 60 ]. WGC and DGC were highly negatively correlated with GI (r: −0.89, −0.82, respectively).…”

Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors (ATIs) in a Selection of Ancient and Modern Wheat: Effect of Genotype and Growing Environment on Inhibitory Activities

“…In recent years, there has been an increasing interest from consumers and farmers in landraces and old wheat varieties which are wheat species that remained unchanged over the last hundred years, in contrast to modern species released after 1950, i.e., after the phase commonly referred to as the “Green Revolution” [ 10 ]. Several studies highlighted their healthier nutritional profile and their higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties compared to the modern wheat varieties.…”

Evaluation of grain yield performance and its stability in various spring barley accessions under condition of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine

“…For example, there are numerous studies devoted to the analysis of the genotype by environment interaction and the selection of stable genotypes of a wide range of agricultural crops using different statistical approaches. In particular, for wheat (Buenrostro-Rodríguez et al, 2019;Bishwas et al, 2021;Bosi et al, 2022), cucumber (Dia et al, 2018), finger millet (Anuradha et al, 2022), maize (Katsenios et al, 2021;Hudson et al, 2022), pigeon pea (Yohane et al, 2021), sorghum (Enyew et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2022), cowpea (Kindie et al, 2021), lettuce (Lafta et al, 2021), groundnut . Such studies in barley have been conducted in Bulgaria (Dyulgerova & Dyulgerov, 2019), Turkey (Kendal et al, 2019;Öztürk 2020), Algeria (Guendouz et al, 2022), Jordan (Al-Sayaydeh et al, 2019), Ethiopia (Shibeshi & Mekiso, 2022), India (Verma et al, 2019), Serbia (Pržulj et al, 2015), and Ukraine (Hudzenko et al, 2020;Kozachenko et al, 2022).…”