GHK and DNA: Resetting the Human Genome to Health

Abstract

During human aging there is an increase in the activity of inflammatory, cancer promoting, and tissue destructive genes plus a decrease in the activity of regenerative and reparative genes. The human blood tripeptide GHK possesses many positive effects but declines with age. It improves wound healing and tissue regeneration (skin, hair follicles, stomach and intestinal linings, and boney tissue), increases collagen and glycosaminoglycans, stimulates synthesis of decorin, increases angiogenesis, and nerve outgrowth, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and increases cellular stemness and the secretion of trophic factors by mesenchymal stem cells. Recently, GHK has been found to reset genes of diseased cells from patients with cancer or COPD to a more healthy state. Cancer cells reset their programmed cell death system while COPD patients' cells shut down tissue destructive genes and stimulate repair and remodeling activities. In this paper, we discuss GHK's effect on genes that suppress fibrinogen synthesis, the insulin/insulin-like system, and cancer growth plus activation of genes that increase the ubiquitin-proteasome system, DNA repair, antioxidant systems, and healing by the TGF beta superfamily. A variety of methods and dosages to effectively use GHK to reset genes to a healthier state are also discussed.

GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes

“…We are well aware that at the current level of knowledge, there is not enough information that would allow us to establish a clear relationship between changes in gene expression, obtained through gene profiling, and an actual biological activity observed in experiments. However, we find it intriguing that among genes whose expression is affected by GHK, there is a large number of genes that play important roles in the aging process [20]. These findings are consistent with a large body of experimental evidence that confirms broad-range anti-aging and health supporting activity of the GHK-Cu.…”

Effects of anhydrous gel with TriHex peptides on healing after hybrid laser resurfacing

“…The “skin bed preparation” approach, which prepares the skin for the laser resurfacing wounds, is an approach not typically taken in current practice . The anhydrous gel contains TriHex peptides and phosphatidylserine that help clear the ECM of degraded and agglutinated proteins during this preparatory phase . Once the skin is prepared by clearing the ECM, the proprietary combination of peptides, which stimulate the skin to produce new collagen and elastin, may potentiate healing after the laser resurfacing wounds.…”

“…An anhydrous gel with TriHex peptides and ancillary actives (ALASTIN Skin Nectar® with TriHex technology®, ALASTIN Skincare®, Inc, Carlsbad, CA) is designed to treat skin prior to, during, and after cosmetic procedures. Tripeptides and phosphatidylserine contained in this formulation were shown to clear damaged and aged proteins by triggering a) proteases, such as matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) in the extracellular matrix (ECM), and b) autophagic and ubiquitin protease systems intracellularly . Additionally, phosphatidylserine may reduce levels of destructive proteases, that is, collagenase and MMP‐1 .…”

Towards High‐Throughput Modelling of Copper Reactivity Induced by Structural Disorder in Amyloid Peptides

“…[7,16] The activation of dioxygen by the Cu-Ab complex has been studiedi nv itro, by comparing the Cu-Ab 42 complex with a series of reference Cu-ligand (L) complexes and the free Cu aqua ion. [19] On the other hand, the Cu II -(Asp-Ala-His-Lys) (Cu-DAHK)c omplex is silent in ROS production, since Cu II is stable in the squareplanar geometry formed by the Nt erminus, the His side chain and two deprotonated amide Na toms. The [ steady-state production of hydroxyl radicals by Cu-Ab 42 was only half of that of the Cu II aquai on, which is known to not exist in cells.…”