Ghost marker detection and elimination in marker‐based optical tracking systems for real‐time tracking in stereotactic body radiotherapy

Yan, G; Li, Jonathan; Huang, Yin; Mittauer, K.E.; Lü, Bo; Liu, Chihray

doi:10.1118/1.4896126

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The camera determines the IR marker position using triangulation and then transfers the marker position into the treatment room coordinates by applying the transformation obtained during the system calibration. Details of the system's calibration, workflow, and quality assurance procedure have been previously described by Yan et al 17,18 The stability and localization accuracy of the OTS was evaluated before its application on a patient. Its localization accuracy was measured with a ball-bearing phantom (Elekta Oncology Systems, Crawley, UK) with a 0.01 mm resolution.…”

Section: B Optical Tracking Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring ABC‐assisted deep inspiration breath hold for left‐sided breast radiotherapy with an optical tracking system

Mittauer

Deraniyagala

et al. 2015

Medical Physics

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Section: B Optical Tracking Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring ABC‐assisted deep inspiration breath hold for left‐sided breast radiotherapy with an optical tracking system

Mittauer

Deraniyagala

et al. 2015

Medical Physics

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“…This added time is even more note-worthy if the imaging tool is not associated with a guidance system, which in turn carries high costs, as it will not be optimized for surgical procedures and will usually require additional personnel to handle the technology. Secondly, despite its reported high accuracy and possibility of acquiring the segment’s kinematics in real-time [ 113 ], camera tracking, specifically, also has an added concern with the accurate placement of the markers in the correct landmarks, creating another level of difficulty that may influence the resulting measurements [ 114 , 115 , 116 ], either by misplacement of the markers or misidentification of the landmarks by the surgeon. Additionally, if the position of the targets shifts during a surgical procedure, or an obstacle blocks the camera’s line-of-sight, the measuring process may be compromised for the remainder of said procedure [ 116 , 117 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoperative Angle Measurement of Anatomical Structures: A Systematic Review

Cruz,

Gonçalves,

Neves

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Ensuring precise angle measurement during surgical correction of orientation-related deformities is crucial for optimal postoperative outcomes, yet there is a lack of an ideal commercial solution. Current measurement sensors and instrumentation have limitations that make their use context-specific, demanding a methodical evaluation of the field. A systematic review was carried out in March 2023. Studies reporting technologies and validation methods for intraoperative angular measurement of anatomical structures were analyzed. A total of 32 studies were included, 17 focused on image-based technologies (6 fluoroscopy, 4 camera-based tracking, and 7 CT-based), while 15 explored non-image-based technologies (6 manual instruments and 9 inertial sensor-based instruments). Image-based technologies offer better accuracy and 3D capabilities but pose challenges like additional equipment, increased radiation exposure, time, and cost. Non-image-based technologies are cost-effective but may be influenced by the surgeon’s perception and require careful calibration. Nevertheless, the choice of the proper technology should take into consideration the influence of the expected error in the surgery, surgery type, and radiation dose limit. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable guide for surgeons seeking precise angle measurements intraoperatively. It not only explores the performance and application of existing technologies but also aids in the future development of innovative solutions.

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“…OTS features the 3D localization of passive, reflective markers through real-time processing and triangulation of the image data coming from the cameras [22,23]. Differences (highlighted in red box) between the current method in setup preparation and the use of a different OTS.…”

Section: Ets Alignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OTS features the 3D localization of passive, reflective markers through real-time processing and triangulation of the image data coming from the cameras [22,23].…”

Section: Ets Alignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setup Optimization in Ocular Proton Therapy at the National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy: Comparison of Two Approaches to Refine the Position of an Eye-Tracking Device

Sellaro,

Pella,

Pepa

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This study describes a method for setup optimization in patient simulation for ocular proton therapy (OPT) at the National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO) in Pavia, Italy, with the aim of minimizing the occupancy time of clinical areas and streamlining the actual procedure. Setup repeatability is ensured by patient-specific immobilization tools and relies on the patient’s ability to maintain a stable gaze direction according to the treatment plan. This is facilitated by aligning a light source (LED) on a patient-specific base along the prescribed gaze direction. At CNAO, a dedicated Eye-Tracking System (ETS) was designed to provide the patient with a visible source of light aligned to the desired gaze direction. The ETS position is defined prior to treatment planning, relying on optical-tracking guidance and comparing the position of passive markers fixed on the ETS chassis with patient-specific models prepared offline in accordance with the desired geometry. OPT at CNAO started in 2016 and may be considered as a consolidated clinical routine. However, all the preparation phases, including patient-specific ETS models and setup, still require long sessions in clinical areas such as the computed tomography (CT) and the treatment rooms, with a non-negligible impact on other activities. This study describes a novel approach for patient-specific definition of the ETS position and orientation, aiming at minimizing the time required for preparatory activities inside clinical areas. To minimize the occurrence of biases and to reproduce as much as possible a real end-to-end approach, we included in the analysis data of patients that received OPT in our facility. The study was performed in parallel, carrying out the alignment with the standard method currently used in the clinical workflow of CNAO and with the proposed method. Results are presented as 3D residuals and gaze deviations, comparing ETS alignment based on the new approach with respect to the clinical standard method. The preliminary results of this study are evidence of the capability of the procedure to align the ETS position, allowing performing of the procedure in a non-clinical dedicated room.

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Ghost marker detection and elimination in marker‐based optical tracking systems for real‐time tracking in stereotactic body radiotherapy

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Monitoring ABC‐assisted deep inspiration breath hold for left‐sided breast radiotherapy with an optical tracking system

Monitoring ABC‐assisted deep inspiration breath hold for left‐sided breast radiotherapy with an optical tracking system

Intraoperative Angle Measurement of Anatomical Structures: A Systematic Review

Setup Optimization in Ocular Proton Therapy at the National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy: Comparison of Two Approaches to Refine the Position of an Eye-Tracking Device

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