Ghrelin and aggressive behaviours—Evidence from preclinical and human genetic studies

Vestlund, Jesper; Winsa-Jörnulf, Julia; Hovey, Daniel; Lundström, Staffan; Lichtenstein, Paul; Anckarsäter, Henrik; Studer, Erik; Suchankova, Petra; Westberg, Lars; Jerlhag, Elisabet

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.020

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Animals. To establish a robust aggressive behavior in the resident mouse (C57Bl/6 N), an intruder mouse of a smaller, submissive strain 129/SvEv was used [33]. The animals and their situation were identical to our previous study [33].…”

Section: Preclinical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To establish a robust aggressive behavior in the resident mouse (C57Bl/6 N), an intruder mouse of a smaller, submissive strain 129/SvEv was used [33]. The animals and their situation were identical to our previous study [33]. The conducted experiments were approved by the Swedish Ethical Committee on Animal Research in Gothenburg (Ethical number: 3348/20; 96/15).…”

Section: Preclinical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although hormones such as testosterone and corticosterone modulate aggression (for reviews see ref. [1,32]), another hormone of importance is the gut-brain peptide ghrelin, which enhances such behaviors in male mice [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors reduces the acquisition of aggression-like behaviors in male mice

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aggression is a complex social behavior, which is provoked in the defense of limited resources including food and mates. Recent advances show that the gut-brain hormone ghrelin modulates aggressive behaviors. As the gut-brain hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces food intake and sexual behaviors its potential role in aggressive behaviors is likely. Therefore, we investigated a tentative link between GLP-1 and aggressive behaviors by combining preclinical and human genetic-association studies. The influence of acute or repeated injections of a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, exendin-4 (Ex4), on aggressive behaviors was assessed in male mice exposed to the resident-intruder paradigm. Besides, possible mechanisms participating in the ability of Ex4 to reduce aggressive behaviors were evaluated. Associations of polymorphisms in GLP-1R genes and overt aggression in males of the CATSS cohort were assessed. In male mice, repeated, but not acute, Ex4 treatment dose-dependently reduced aggressive behaviors. Neurochemical and western blot studies further revealed that putative serotonergic and noradrenergic signaling in nucleus accumbens, specifically the shell compartment, may participate in the interaction between Ex4 and aggression. As high-fat diet (HFD) impairs the responsiveness to GLP-1 on various behaviors the possibility that HFD blunts the ability of Ex4 to reduce aggressive behaviors was explored. Indeed, the levels of aggression was similar in vehicle and Ex4 treated mice consuming HFD. In humans, there were no associations between polymorphisms of the GLP-1R genes and overt aggression. Overall, GLP-1 signaling suppresses acquisition of aggressive behaviors via central neurotransmission and additional studies exploring this link are warranted.

show abstract

Section: Preclinical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preclinical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors reduces the acquisition of aggression-like behaviors in male mice

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5-HT can regulate cortisol synthesis and reduce stress and aggressive behavior, contributing to the piglet's adaptation to a new environment (Höglund, Øverli, & Winberg, 2019). Moreover, 5-HT may also modulate ghrelin and melatonin synthesis, which can affect appetite and sleep regulation (Vestlund et al, 2019). Furthermore, Trp, by the action of kynurenine and 5-HT, also stimulates the immune system, promoting a rise in the IgG and acute-phase protein concentrations (Jenkins, Nguyen, Polglaze, & Bertrand, 2016;Lam, Garfield, Marston, Shaw, & Heisler, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of tryptophan and pyridoxine supplied orally to nursing piglets on weight loss and social behavior after weaning

Bonagúrio¹,

Castilha²,

Pasquetti³

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study evaluated the effect of oral supplementation with tryptophan (Trp) and pyridoxine (Pyr) on the growth performance and social behavior of suckling piglets before and after weaning. At day 14, six suckling piglets per sow were distributed into three treatments and allotted in a randomized block design, with eight replicates and two piglets per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of a Control - oral supplementation with L-alanine (1.70 g), D-glucose (1.74 g) and distilled water (3.44 mL); Trp - oral supplementation with Trp (3.5 g/d) and distilled water; and Trp + Pyr - oral supplementation with Trp (3.5 g/d) + Pyr (0.0095 g/d) and distilled water. Each treatment was supplied orally five times per day (2.5 mL each treatment), from 14 to 21 days old. Piglets were monitored continuously in the nursing phase for 24 h at 21, 28 and 33 days of age to assess the behavior (standing, lying, eating, socializing, sitting and drinking). Piglets receiving oral Trp + Pyr showed a decreased weight loss on the first day after weaning (P = 0.03). Performance was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatments in each studied period, such as in overall period (21 to 34 days) after weaning. Piglets receiving Trp supplementation visited the feeders more frequently from days 21 to 22 (P < 0.01) and from days 28 to 29 (P < 0.02), as well as in the overall period (P < 0.01). It is concluded that high doses of tryptophan with or without high doses of pyridoxine, supplied orally to nursing piglets, reduced the weight loss on the first day after weaning and increased the frequency of visits to the drinkers on the first day after weaning and also to the feeders, mainly from weaning until 7 days after.

show abstract

“…There is accumulating evidence suggesting that the ghrelin system is implicated in a variety of cellular and physiological processes (2). Moreover, during recent years, ghrelin has been shown to interact specifically with the mesolimbic dopaminergic system and play an important modulatory role in reward processing (2,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Pro-Ghrelin Leu72Met Polymorphism with Acylated Ghrelin Level and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Preliminary Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Multiple environmental and genetic factors contribute to the progression of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Ghrelin is one of the important elements of the brain-gut axis that has been believed to involve in the pathophysiology of addiction. This study aimed to determine whether the GHRL Leu72Met gene polymorphism has an effect on the plasma acylated ghrelin levels in alcohol addicts for the first time. Method: A sample of 50 alcohol-dependent men and 50 controls were enrolled in this study. Acylated ghrelin levels were detected by ELISA kit. The GHRL Leu72Met polymorphism was analyzed by the standard PCR-RFLP method. Results: Acylated ghrelin levels were significantly higher in AUD patients than in controls, and were lower in AUD patients with Leu72Leu than those with Leu72Met and Met72Met. After detoxification, a dramatic decrease was seen in AUD patients having Leu72Met+Met72Met. The presence of 72Met allele was also found to be associated with an increased risk of AUD in Turkish men. Conclusion: It was indicated for the first time that the GHRL Leu72Met variant was associated with higher plasma acylated levels in patients with AUD. The GHRL Leu72 allele compared to the Met72 allele seemed to be protective against AUD in Turkish men. Taken together, despite the small number of subjects evaluated, the findings in this study suggested the effect of the GHRL Leu72Met polymorphism on plasma acylated ghrelin levels and alcohol addiction.

show abstract

Ghrelin and aggressive behaviours—Evidence from preclinical and human genetic studies

Cited by 17 publications

References 57 publications

Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors reduces the acquisition of aggression-like behaviors in male mice

Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors reduces the acquisition of aggression-like behaviors in male mice

The effects of tryptophan and pyridoxine supplied orally to nursing piglets on weight loss and social behavior after weaning

Association of Pro-Ghrelin Leu72Met Polymorphism with Acylated Ghrelin Level and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Preliminary Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About