Ghrelin treatment leads to dendritic spine remodeling in hippocampal neurons and increases the expression of specific BDNF-mRNA species

Vega, Mónica; Sánchez, María Lidia; Fernández, Gloria; Paglini, María Gabriela; Martín, María Julia; Barioglio, Susana Rubiales de

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107409

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This, to our understanding, is the first demonstration that acyl-ghrelin regulates BDNF specifically within the neurogenic niche of the hippocampus’ GCL. A more recent study supports the notion that ghrelin regulates BDNF mRNA from hippocampal homogenates collected from ex-vivo-treated tissue [ 50 ]. In this study, the authors note that ghrelin increased BDNF mRNA in a promoter- and age-specific manner, suggesting that further in situ hybridisation or spatial transcriptomic approaches are warranted to delineate the cell-specific molecular mechanisms that support ghrelin-mediated neurogenesis.…”

Section: Central Actions Of Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 55%

Ghrelin Acylation—A Post-Translational Tuning Mechanism Regulating Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Sassi

Morgan

Davies

2022

Cells

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Adult hippocampal neurogenesis—the generation of new functional neurones in the adult brain—is impaired in aging and many neurodegenerative disorders. We recently showed that the acylated version of the gut hormone ghrelin (acyl-ghrelin) stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis while the unacylated form of ghrelin inhibits it, thus demonstrating a previously unknown function of unacyl-ghrelin in modulating hippocampal plasticity. Analysis of plasma samples from Parkinson’s disease patients with dementia demonstrated a reduced acyl-ghrelin:unacyl-ghrelin ratio compared to both healthy controls and cognitively intact Parkinson’s disease patients. These data, from mouse and human studies, suggest that restoring acyl-ghrelin signalling may promote the activation of pathways to support memory function. In this short review, we discuss the evidence for ghrelin’s role in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the enzymes involved in ghrelin acylation and de-acylation as targets to treat mood-related disorders and dementia.

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Section: Central Actions Of Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 55%

Ghrelin Acylation—A Post-Translational Tuning Mechanism Regulating Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Sassi

Morgan

Davies

2022

Cells

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“…Among them, BDNF, as a member of the neurotrophic protein family, plays an extremely important role in promoting neuronal growth, survival, differentiation and in synaptic transmission and enhancing central plasticity [91][92][93], and slows down depressive progression. Relatedly, ghrelin increases total BDNF mRNA expression in the mouse hippocampus and synthesises different kinds of BDNF mRNAs by acting on different promoters in rats of different ages [94]. Different BDNF transcripts exhibit different subcellular localisations that selectively shape the proximal and distal compartments of the cytosol or dendrites [95]and play an important role in increasing neuronal plasticity [96].…”

Section: Camp-creb-bdnf Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin/GHSR System in Depressive Disorder: Pathologic Roles and Therapeutic Implication

Pan,

Gao,

Guan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Depression is the most common chronic mental illness and is characterized by low mood, insomnia, and affective disorders. However, the pathological mechanisms of depression remain unclear. Numerous studies have suggested that the ghrelin/GHSR system may be involved in the pathophysiologic process of depression. Ghrelin plays a dual role in the experimental animals, increasing depressed behavior and decreasing anxiety. By combining several neuropeptides and traditional neurotransmitter systems to construct neural networks, it modifies signals connected to depression. The present review emphasizes the role of ghrelin in neuritogenesis, astrocyte protection, inflammatory factor production, and endocrine disruption in depression. Furthermore, ghrelin/GHSR can activate multiple signaling pathways to produce antidepressant effects, including cAMP/CREB/BDNF, PI3K/Akt, Jak2/STAT3, and p38-MAPK. Given the antidepressant effects of ghrelin/GHSR1a system, it is expected to become a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of depression.

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“…Lower ghrelin levels are thought to promote a reduction in BDNF levels and cognitive impairment in depression via the inhibition of the cAMP-signaling pathway in depressed male mice. Furthermore, ghrelin therapy was shown to cause dendritic spine remodeling in hippocampal neurons and promote the expression of certain BDNF-mRNA species [ 109 ].…”

Section: Ghrelin and Its Link To Immunometabolic Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin as a Biomarker of “Immunometabolic Depression” and Its Connection with Dysbiosis

Gajewska,

Strzelecki,

Gawlik-Kotelnicka

2023

Nutrients

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Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal peptide, is an endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a), which is mainly produced by X/A-like cells in the intestinal mucosa. Beyond its initial description as a growth hormone (GH) secretagogue stimulator of appetite, ghrelin has been revealed to have a wide range of physiological effects, for example, the modulation of inflammation; the improvement of cardiac performance; the modulation of stress, anxiety, taste sensation, and reward-seeking behavior; and the regulation of glucose metabolism and thermogenesis. Ghrelin secretion is altered in depressive disorders and metabolic syndrome, which frequently co-occur, but it is still unknown how these modifications relate to the physiopathology of these disorders. This review highlights the increasing amount of research establishing the close relationship between ghrelin, nutrition, microbiota, and disorders such as depression and metabolic syndrome, and it evaluates the ghrelinergic system as a potential target for the development of effective pharmacotherapies.

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Ghrelin treatment leads to dendritic spine remodeling in hippocampal neurons and increases the expression of specific BDNF-mRNA species

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Ghrelin Acylation—A Post-Translational Tuning Mechanism Regulating Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Ghrelin Acylation—A Post-Translational Tuning Mechanism Regulating Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Ghrelin/GHSR System in Depressive Disorder: Pathologic Roles and Therapeutic Implication

Ghrelin as a Biomarker of “Immunometabolic Depression” and Its Connection with Dysbiosis

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