Giant bladder stone: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Bladder stones comprise 5% of urinary tract stones. Generally, they occur in the presence of bladder neck obstruction, urinary tract infections associated with neurogenic bladder and foreign objects. They are more common among men than women. Infection stones comprise approximately 15% of urinary tract stones. A giant bladder stone is a rare finding in contemporary urological practice. The general clinical setting is recurrent urinary tract infections, hematuria and urinary retention. We performed an open cystolithotomy on a mentally impaired patient who had a giant bladder stone. The stone removed weighed 465 grams. There was no evidence of any infravesical obstruction on the cystoscopy performed before the operation or during the operation. The stone consisted of 75% carbonate apatite and 25% struvite. Given that such a stone was found in a mentally impaired patient indicates that infection stones can form without infravesical obstruction.

An Egg Shape Bladder Stone in a Young Child

“…However, multiple stones are more prevalent in patients with urinary retention (6). Our patient had no associated upper urinary tract stone, which has also been reported previously (1,(3)(4).…”

“…Diagnosis is usually made by imaging studies, including conventional radiography, ultrasound, and computed tomography (7). However, cystoscopy is the gold standard approach for definite diagnosis (3).…”

“…Bladder stone (BS) is the most common form of lower urinary tract stones, which comprises 5% of all urinary tract stones, and 1.5% of all cases admitted to the urology clinics. They are more common in men and patients over 50-year-old (1)(2)(3).…”

“…BS is more common in inhabitant children of endemic and developing regions, mostly in the setting of lowprotein diet, poor socioeconomic condition, dehydration, and infection. However, the incidence of vesical stone is higher among adults living in nonendemic areas, which is usually associated with bladder outlet obstruction, foreign bodies such as fragments of a ruptured Foley catheter, sutures, and tapes or meshes, neurogenic bladder, chronic bacteriuria, bladder reconstruction, bladder diverticula, genetic or metabolic disorders, and upper tract stones (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Bladder Calculi with Hypospadias and Hypercalciuria: Case Report

“…. There are very few reports of association between bladder out obstruction and bladder calculus, in children, 11,12 but coexistance of hypospadias and urethral meatal stenosis with bladder stone was not reported before. Our case had that rare association of hypospadias and urethral meatal stenosis leading to stasis.…”