Giant Blood Cyst of the Mitral Valve in a Disseminated Tuberculosis Patient

Abstract

Cardiac blood cysts are rare with most cases stemming from the pediatric population. The few case reports in adults have not generated clear guidelines regarding management. The finding of a cardiac mass engenders a broad differential including primary cardiac benign tumors, malignant tumors both primary and metastatic, as well as infectious processes in addition to blood cysts. The clinical context, imaging results, and potential for complications must be taken into account when making diagnostic and treatment decisions. We present, to our knowledge, the first case of a giant cardiac blood cyst resected in an adult with a history of tuberculosis.

Blood cysts of the cardiac valves in adults: Review and analysis of published cases

“…Our literature search has documented a total of 50 articles considered eligible for analysis and reporting a total of 54 patients; 36 (72%) are reports of a single case, 3–38 12 (24%) images in cardiovascular disease, 39–50 1 case series reporting 5 patients (2%), 51 and 1 letter to the editor (2%), 52 all published from 1960 to 2021 (Tables 1 and 2).…”

“…Cyst removal was performed in 37 patients (70%) while in 16 (30%) medical treatment and serial follow‐up was recommended; in one patient AV and ascending aorta replacement were performed leaving in place a small BC on the MV 20 . Surgery was generally performed through a standard median sternotomy while in three cases a minimally invasive, endoscopic technique was used 27,36,45 . Two patients had previous open heart operations and required repeat sternotomies, 22,42 while one had a previous liver transplantation 10 .…”

“…20 Surgery was generally performed through a standard median sternotomy while in three cases a minimally invasive, endoscopic technique was used. 27,36,45 Two patients had previous open heart operations and required repeat sternotomies, 22,42 while one had a previous liver transplantation. 10 The BC was approached through a trans-aortic incision in 7 cases, through the left atrium in 6, trans-septal in 4, while in 20 cases it was not specified.…”

BLOOD CYSTS OF THE CARDIAC VALVES IN ADULTS Review and analysis of published cases

“…Surgical data : Cyst removal was performed in 37 patients (70%) while in 16 (30%) medical treatment and serial follow-up was recommended; in one patient aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement were performed leaving in place a small BC on the MV 20 . Surgery was generally performed through a standard median sternotomy while in 3 cases a minimally invasive, endoscopic technique was used 27,36,45 . Two patients had previous open heart operations and required repeat sternotomies 22,42 , while one had a previous liver transplantation 10 .…”