Giant cell arteritis

Ninan, Jem; Lester, Susan; Hill, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.berh.2016.05.001

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Giant cell arteritis (GCA), an immune‐mediated disease of large‐ and medium‐sized arteries of unknown etiology, is the most common vasculitis of the elderly, and affects more women than men . It is associated with a significant disease burden, resulting from both disease complications and glucocorticoid treatment . Previous studies on mortality in GCA patients have shown conflicting results .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis: A Cohort Study in UK Primary Care

Neogi

Jick

2018

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To examine whether giant cell arteritis (GCA) is associated with increased all-cause mortality and whether mortality differs according to age, sex, and calendar year of cohort entry. Methods. Using the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified 9,778 newly diagnosed GCA patients from 1990-2014, and up to 10 nonvasculitis patients randomly matched to each case on age, sex, practice, and years of history before cohort entry. We used Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality of GCA patients in comparison to nonvasculitis patients, then stratified by age, sex, and calendar year of cohort entry. Results. Compared with nonvasculitis patients, GCA patients had increased mortality during the first year following diagnosis (adjusted HR 1.51, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.40-1.64), and marginally increased mortality between 1 and 5 years after the diagnosis (adjusted HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.09-1.23), but not >5 years after the diagnosis (adjusted HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.12). GCA patients diagnosed before age 65 years had the highest mortality risk during the first year following diagnosis (adjusted HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.60-3.35). The mortality risk did not differ substantially by sex or calendar year of cohort entry. Conclusion. GCA patients had an increased risk of mortality during the period shortly after the GCA diagnosis, in particular during the first year, but no increased risk after 5 years postdiagnosis. The mortality risk differed by age with an even greater increased 1-year mortality in those age <65 years at diagnosis, but not by sex or calendar year of cohort entry. 1

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis: A Cohort Study in UK Primary Care

Neogi

Jick

2018

Arthritis Care & Research

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“…These criteria do not include any radiological assessments. Recently, imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging or angiography, conventional angiography, Doppler ultrasound, and 18 F-FDG PET/CT, have been suggested to support the diagnosis of GCA ( 10 ). 18 F-FDG PET/CT has been suggested to be more useful for the evaluation of large vessels than other imaging modalities ( 12 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Her symptoms completely resolved following re-administration of corticosteroid therapy ( 10 ). The dose was reduced to 30 mg/day until 6 weeks, after which the dose was tapered by 5 to 10 mg/month to a maintenance dose.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial Lung Disease as an Initial Manifestation of Giant Cell Arteritis

et al. 2017

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Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has rarely been reported as a manifestation of giant cell arteritis (GCA). We herein report a unique case of GCA in a 76-year-old woman who presented with ILD as an initial manifestation of GCA. Ten years before admission, she had been diagnosed with granulomatous ILD of unknown etiology. Corticosteroid therapy induced remission. One year after the cessation of corticosteroid therapy, she was admitted with a persistent fever. After admission, she developed left oculomotor paralysis. Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) proved extremely useful in establishing the diagnosis. Our case promotes awareness of GCA as a possible diagnosis for granulomatous ILD with unknown etiology.

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“…121 In particular, IL-6 and IL-12 are two inflammatory cytokines that are considered targets for immunotherapy. 122 The degree of intimal hyperplasia appears to be directly proportional to the degree of inflammation. 100 Four main patterns of inflammation have been described.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…121 In TA, the presence of giant cells is not required for diagnosis, with up to 50 per cent of positive TABs featuring chronic inflammation without multinucleated giant cells. 122…”

Section: Elastic Laminamentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnosis and management of temporal arteritis

Ling

Yosar

Lee

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Temporal arteritis (TA), or giant cell arteritis, is a systemic autoimmune vasculitis affecting patients over 50 years of age. It can cause rapid, irreversible bilateral vision loss in older adults and is therefore considered an ophthalmological emergency. Many of the symptoms and signs of TA can be vague, non‐specific and gradual in onset, often leading to a delayed or inaccurate diagnosis. As such, it is important for a wide variety of primary optometrists and health practitioners to maintain a robust understanding of the clinical presentation, key investigations and time‐sensitive management of this disease, as early initiation of treatment for TA can be vision‐ and life‐saving.

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Giant cell arteritis

Cited by 40 publications

References 120 publications

Mortality in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis: A Cohort Study in UK Primary Care

Mortality in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis: A Cohort Study in UK Primary Care

Interstitial Lung Disease as an Initial Manifestation of Giant Cell Arteritis

The diagnosis and management of temporal arteritis

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