Giant cell carcinoma of the lung

Aziz, Shiekh Aejaz; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Shah, Azra; Bhat, Gul Mohmammad; Lone, Ajaz; Ahmad, Khursheed; Bano, Hajra

doi:10.1136/pgmj.71.839.562

Cited by 2 publications

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“…2 This is an aggressive form of lung cancer with survival generally less than 1 year. 3 According to the World Health Organization, giant cell carcinoma is defined as "a large cell carcinoma containing a prominent component of highly pleomorphic multinucleated cells." 1 One of the main histological features of GCC is emperipolesis, a finding of neutrophils engulfed within the cytoplasm of the giant cells comprising the tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 One of the main histological features of GCC is emperipolesis, a finding of neutrophils engulfed within the cytoplasm of the giant cells comprising the tumor. 3 The most common presenting symptoms of pulmonary giant cell carcinoma are thoracic pain, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and weight loss. It has also been known to manifest with neurologic symptoms such as headache, seizures, and abdominal pain.…”

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Giant Cell Cancer of the Lung

Miller¹,

Coates²,

Halepota³

et al. 2010

Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

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Bronchogenic carcinoma is the most common primary tumor affecting lung. Four main histopathological subtypes of bronchogenic carcinoma are recognized, and several variants of these histopathological subtypes are also known. Among the 4 main histopathological subtypes of bronchogenic carcinoma, large cell carcinoma is the least commonly encountered. Rarer still is a subtype of large cell carcinoma known as giant cell carcinoma. We report the detection and characterization of pulmonary giant cell carcinoma using 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET-CT). FDG-PET-CT showed intense hypermetabolic activity within the primary lesion, which subsequently decreased, and then resolved following antineoplastic therapy. FDG-PET-CT also allowed detection of sites of recurrence of the tumor following cessation of therapy. This report highlights the usefulness of FDG-PET-CT for the detection of an unusual thoracic neoplasm as well as the ability of FDG-PET-CT for assessing response to therapy.Key Words: pulmonary neoplasia, large cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma of lung, non-small-cell carcinoma, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, hypermetabolic, response to therapy (Clin Pulm Med 2010;17: 106 -108) B ronchogenic carcinoma is the most common primary tumor of the lung. The most common histopathological subtypes of bronchogenic carcinoma are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Additional varieties of these histopathological subtypes are recognized as well.Among the 4 main histopathological bronchogenic subtypes, large cell carcinoma is the least commonly encountered. Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive form of large cell carcinoma with a very poor prognosis. We report a patient in whom giant cell carcinoma of the lung was detected by 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/ CT) scanning. This report illustrates the usefulness of PET/CT in the diagnosis and staging of a pulmonary giant cell carcinoma as well as for monitoring treatment response following combination radiation and chemotherapy. CASE REPORTA 63-year-old white woman with abdominal pain and fatigue was admitted to the hospital. Prior to admission, the patient had sudden sharp abdominal pain, which was presumed to be a urinary tract infection. She was given antibiotics without effect. On admission, a CT of her abdomen revealed diffuse thickening of the greater omentum with a 4 ϫ 2.4 cm ovoid soft tissue mass in the right pelvis. Biopsy of this mass showed multiple necrotizing granulomas that were suggestive of an infectious process, although further studies revealed no infectious etiology. A PET/CT was performed (Figs. 1A, B), which demonstrated a large focus of intense metabolic activity within the subaortic space of the mediastinum; the maximum standardized uptake value was 13.5. There was additional hypermetabolism within the right paratracheal lymph node and in the suprasternal and left p...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giant Cell Cancer of the Lung

Miller¹,

Coates²,

Halepota³

et al. 2010

Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

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“…To our knowledge only three CT images of patients with pulmonary giant cell carcinoma have been reported [2][3][4]. Kim et al [5] reported the CT findings of 30 patients with pleomorphic carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema caused by extension of giant cell carcinoma to the mitral valve

Ono

Okada²,

Ando³

et al. 2011

BJR

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ABSTRACT. Giant cell carcinoma of the lung is a very rare primary malignant tumour and localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema is also unusual. We report a case of giant cell carcinoma, which invaded the left atrium through the left pulmonary vein and caused localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema. Giant cell carcinoma of the lung is a very rare primary malignancy associated with highly aggressive clinical behaviour and poor prognosis. To our knowledge very few CT images of patients with pulmonary giant cell carcinoma have been reported. Furthermore, localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema is also unusual. The case presented here exhibited clinical, radiographic and pathophysiological features of right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema. We report a case of localised right upperlobe pulmonary oedema caused by extension of giant cell carcinoma to the mitral valve. Case reportA 54-year-old man presented with an increasing cough and haemoptysis for 2 weeks. His past medical history included prior myocardial infarction and he underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery 7 years ago. He had no history of pleuropulmonary disease. He was an alcoholic with a daily consumption of alcohol of more than 80 g during the past 10 years and had smoked for more than 10 pack-years (1 pack-year is an average of 1 pack of cigarettes smoked per day for a year).A chest radiograph showed complete opacification of the left hemithorax and elevation of the left diaphragm (not shown). Contrast chest thin-section CT images showed an ill-defined huge mass with extensive necrosis in the left lower lobe and multiple mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement (not shown). The left main bronchus was obstructed by a tumour with resultant left lung atelectasis. Moreover, the tumour had invaded the left atrium through the left pulmonary vein. Histopathological examination of a transbronchial biopsy showed non-small cell carcinoma (not shown).Although chemotherapy was administered to the patient, the tumour grew rapidly. A chest radiograph, which was obtained 1 month after the initial chest radiograph, revealed airspace shadowing confined to the right upper lung field (Figure 1). Contrast-enhanced thin-section CT images showed that the masses in the left lung, the left main bronchus and the left inferior pulmonary vein had increased in size (not shown). In addition, the tumour in the left atrium had also grown and the mitral valve dilated with invasion into the left ventricle (Figure 2). The CT images showed localised consolidation with air bronchogram in the right upper lobe, which was thought to be localised pulmonary oedema caused by mitral valve regurgitation owing to tumour progression to the left ventricle (Figure 3). In addition, metastatic right pulmonary small nodules and bilateral adrenal masses were observed on CT images (not shown).One week later the patient died of massive haemoptysis. The autopsy revealed that the left huge mass had invaded the left pulmonary vein, the left atrium and the left ventricle, and caused mitral val...

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Giant cell carcinoma of the lung

Cited by 2 publications

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Giant Cell Cancer of the Lung

Giant Cell Cancer of the Lung

Localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema caused by extension of giant cell carcinoma to the mitral valve

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