Giant cell hepatitis in adults

Lotz, Gábor; Koltai, Pál; Schaff, Zsuzsa

doi:10.1007/bf02899924

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These drugs presumed to injure the hepatocytes and cause degenerating effect and formation of giant hepatocytes in certain individuals [1, 3, 5–9]. Most of the reported cases in the literature presented as mild hepatitis [1, 3, 5, 6] except in three; one died due to clometacine induced liver failure [7]; one was a known case of autoimmune hepatitis and was treated with amoxicillin + clavulanate for cellulitis of thigh and clinically deteriorated and required liver transplant [8]. Another case was treated with doxycycline for one week for bacterial bronchitis, and soon he developed acute liver failure and required liver transplant [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported in cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia rheumatoid arthritis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, polyarthritis, ulcerative colitis, polyarteritis nodosa, and primary biliary cirrhosis [1, 2, 5, 7, 10–23, 44]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prognosis is dictated by the underlying liver disease. Clinical course is usually severe with most of the patients progressing to rapid onset of cirrhosis [1, 2, 5, 7, 10–23, 31, 44]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postinfantile Giant Cell Hepatitis: An Etiological and Prognostic Perspective

Bihari

Rastogi

Sarin

2013

Hepatitis Research and Treatment

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Giant cell hepatitis is common manifestation in pediatric liver diseases, but quite uncommon in adults, only about 100 cases reported in the English literature in the last two decades. Data for the present review were identified by a structured PubMed/MEDLINE search from 1963 to December 2012, using keywords postinfantile giant cell hepatitis (PIGCH), adult giant cell hepatitis, and syncytial giant cell hepatitis in adults and liver. We report a case of postinfantile giant cell hepatitis along with the review related to the etiology and respective outcome, as the literature in the last 20 years suggests. This condition is probably due to idiosyncratic or cytopathic response of individual to various hepatocytic stimuli. It is purely a histomorphological diagnosis and does not establish the etiology. Autoimmune liver diseases are most common etiology, in around 40% of cases, but various viruses, drugs, posttransplant condition, and other causes also have been reported. Prognosis depends upon the etiology. In this paper, we emphasized various causative factors of PIGCH and their respective outcome in patients affected by them. We also highlighted the possible pathogenesis and histopathological spectrum of this entity on the basis of description given in various studies and our limited experience of few cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postinfantile Giant Cell Hepatitis: An Etiological and Prognostic Perspective

Bihari

Rastogi

Sarin

2013

Hepatitis Research and Treatment

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“…After the exclusion of other possible causes, medicolegal investigators concluded on the basis of autopsy and histological findings that the subdural hemorrhage was the result of a coagulopathy induced by fulminant neonatal giant cell hepatitis. Neonatal giant cell hepatitis is a frequent, but nonspecific, reaction of the liver to various injuries in neonates and during infancy, but rarely develops in adults [11]. This form of hepatitis is often accompanied by cholestasis and is characterized by an unpredictable progression that shows markedly different phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal spontaneous subdural bleeding due to neonatal giant cell hepatitis: a rare differential diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome

Guddat

Ehrlich²,

Martin

et al. 2011

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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A 7-week-old girl showed vomiting after feeding, facial pallor, loss of muscle tone and respiratory depression. An emergency doctor performed successful resuscitation and after arrival in hospital, cranial ultrasound showed left-sided subdural hemorrhage, cerebral edema with a shift of the midline, and a decrease in cerebral perfusion. Ophthalmologic examination showed retinal hemorrhage. In view of this, the doctors suspected shaken baby syndrome and approached the parents with their suspicions, but they denied any shaking or trauma. Despite surgery for the subdural hemorrhage the girl died a few hours later with a severe coagulopathy. Autopsy verified subdural hemorrhage, cerebral edema and retinal hemorrhage, but also revealed intact bridging veins and a lack of optic nerve sheath hemorrhage, therefore shaken baby syndrome could not be proven by autopsy. Histological examination showed severe neonatal giant cell hepatitis as the cause of the severe coagulopathy and the associated spontaneous subdural bleeding. Neonatal giant cell hepatitis may be responsible for unexpected deaths in infancy and, although rarely associated with subdural bleeding, must be considered as a potential differential diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome.

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“…Multinucleated fibroblasts were recently discovered in vitro to form as either syncytia or coenocytes, depending on whether the culture contained cell lines or primary fibroblasts, respectively [168]. Multinucleated hepatocytes are found in neonatal giant cell hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis [169,170]. Multinucleated melanocytes found in nevi and melanomas are described as having a balloon appearance due to large vacuoles or a starburst appearance due to nuclear arrangement in lentigo maligna [171,172].…”

Section: Multinucleated Giant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macrophage and Multinucleated Giant Cell Classification

Trout

Jessop

Migliaccio

2016

Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

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The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of macrophage subtype and multinucleated giant cell classification with a specific discussion of their role(s) in response to particulates and other foreign bodies. Topics covered for the different subtypes include the following: environmental factors involved in their generation, functional characterization, disease associations, and interactions with particulates. This chapter is separated into three major parts. The first portion describes the normal structure and functions of the macrophage. Second, the currently published macrophage subsets are outlined. The classifications included in the discussion are based on function ("M" polarization) rather than anatomical position (tissue-specific macrophages -Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, etc.). As shown in Fig. 1.1, the ontogeny of the various types of macrophages being discussed in this chapter depends on the pathway of activation. The third major section focuses on multinucleated giant cells, which are formed by fusion of individual macrophages. The ontogeny of each subset will be discussed and the current literature regarding particulate/foreign-body interaction will be reviewed.

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Giant cell hepatitis in adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Postinfantile Giant Cell Hepatitis: An Etiological and Prognostic Perspective

Postinfantile Giant Cell Hepatitis: An Etiological and Prognostic Perspective

Fatal spontaneous subdural bleeding due to neonatal giant cell hepatitis: a rare differential diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome

Macrophage and Multinucleated Giant Cell Classification

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