Giant cell tumor in children and adolescents

Abstract

The radiological appearance of giant cell tumors (GCT) in the developing skeleton was retrospectively assessed in 49 (10.6%) of the 462 patients with GCTs seen in consultation by the Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumors. There were 31 female and 18 male patients, all below 19 years of age. Thirty-four tumors were located in short and long tubular bones, two in the tarsus, while the others were in the pelvis, vertebral spine, and a rib. Involvement of the epiphysis in tubular bones was closely related to the age of the patient: the average age of the 3 patients with a lesion in the metaphysis was 11 years, that in the 6 patients with metadiaphyseal lesions 13 years, average age in the 10 patients with epimetaphyseal lesions 17 years, and it was also 17 years in the 17 patients with epimetadiaphyseal lesions. In tubular bones with the epiphyseal growth plates still open, the epiphysis was never involved, with the exception of two epimetadiaphyseal lesions in which closure of the growth plate was difficult to establish. Assessing GCT characteristics in this study population demonstrated that epiphyseal involvement increased with age and showed; to some extent, a predominance of female patients.

Giant Cell Tumor of Dorsal Vertebrae-A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature

“…8 Due to the risk of myelitis and bone graft complications, adjuvant radiotherapy should be reserved for incomplete tumor excision and local recurrence. 9,10 Lungs are the common sites of metastases from GCTs, in about 2.0-9.0% of cases. 9,10 Close follow-up is required to detect recurrence of the tumor.…”

“…9,10 Lungs are the common sites of metastases from GCTs, in about 2.0-9.0% of cases. 9,10 Close follow-up is required to detect recurrence of the tumor. Donthineni et al noted higher incidence of lung metastases from spinal GCT as compared to long bones.…”

Case report: A typical presentation of giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone in the distal humerus of a child

“…2,6,9 The incidence in children younger than 19 years has been reported in several studies and ranges from 1.7% to as high as 10.6% of all patients with GCTs. [10][11][12][13][14][15] GCTs are typically located in the epiphyseal region of long bones with the proximal tibia, distal femur and distal radius being the most commonly affected. 2 In children there seems to be a relationship between age and proximity to the epiphysis.…”

“…In young children the tumours are generally further from the epiphysis and more metaphyseally located. 10,12,15 Involvement of the humerus comprises approximately 6% of all GCTs, but almost all of these are located in the proximal humerus with distal humeral lesion being exceedingly rare. 16 The current case demonstrates a rare occurrence of a GCT in the distal humerus of a child.…”

Large lumbar anurysmal bone cyst presenting as an abdominal mass. Management and outcome

“…If present, it can be regarded as a reliable diagnostic feature of an ABC. 17 ABCs, especially when they present in an aggressive manner, must be distinguished from a telangiectatic osteosarcoma. 16 Although telangiectatic osteosarcoma mimics this gross morphologic feature, 17 it is not pathognomonic.…”