Giant electromechanical coupling of relaxor ferroelectrics controlled by polar nanoregion vibrations

Manley, M. E.; Abernathy, D. L.; Sahul, Raffi; Parshall, D.; Lynn, Jeffrey W.; Christianson, A. D.; Stonaha, P.; Specht, E. D.; Budai, J. D.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501814

Cited by 107 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These factors lead to a unique characteristic of relaxor-based ferroelectrics in contrast to classical ferroelectrics, that is, the presence of polar nanoregions (PNRs)1718192021, which are believed to be responsible for the high dielectric properties of relaxors171822. Therefore, there have been numerous studies to understand the relationship between the high piezoelectric properties and PNRs in relaxor–PT systems2324252627. For example, Xu et al 23.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals

et al. 2016

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The discovery of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution single crystals is a breakthrough in ferroelectric materials. A key signature of relaxor-ferroelectric solid solutions is the existence of polar nanoregions, a nanoscale inhomogeneity, that coexist with normal ferroelectric domains. Despite two decades of extensive studies, the contribution of polar nanoregions to the underlying piezoelectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics has yet to be established. Here we quantitatively characterize the contribution of polar nanoregions to the dielectric/piezoelectric responses of relaxor-ferroelectric crystals using a combination of cryogenic experiments and phase-field simulations. The contribution of polar nanoregions to the room-temperature dielectric and piezoelectric properties is in the range of 50–80%. A mesoscale mechanism is proposed to reveal the origin of the high piezoelectricity in relaxor ferroelectrics, where the polar nanoregions aligned in a ferroelectric matrix can facilitate polarization rotation. This mechanism emphasizes the critical role of local structure on the macroscopic properties of ferroelectric materials.

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, Xu et al 23. proposed that the softening of the transverse acoustic mode was due to the existence of PNRs, while Manley et al 24. further demonstrated that aligning PNR vibrational modes by a poling electric field can enhance the phonon softening.…”

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confidence: 99%

The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals

et al. 2016

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“…Great strides in piezoelectric and pyroelectric performances were achieved in 1952, as the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system of ferroelectrics with favorable piezoelectric and pyroelectric characteristics were developed along with the establishment of their phase diagram . Then, lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (PMN‐PT) and lead zinc niobate (PZN) relaxors were reported . Thereafter, the rapid development of these inorganic ferroelectric materials, including single crystals, bulk ceramics, and ceramic and single‐crystal thin films, boosted their application in mechanical–electrical transducers, force and temperature sensors, infrared detectors, and energy harvesters .…”

Section: Ferroelectricity and Ferroelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting Energy from Human Activity: Ferroelectric Energy Harvesters for Portable, Implantable, and Biomedical Electronics

Zhang

et al. 2018

Energy Tech

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Energy harvesters based on ferroelectric materials, which are capable of converting mechanical and thermal energies into electric power, have drawn unprecedented attention in both academic and industrial fields because of their great potential in harvesting human‐activity‐induced and other energies of the human body to drive low‐power, personal, portable, and implantable electronics. Based on previous works that uncovered the features of advanced materials and the nanotechnologies for the fabrication of ferroelectric generators, we emphasize the potential of ferroelectric energy harvesters in biomedical applications, with not only traditional ferroelectrics but also newly developed ferroelectric biomaterials. In addition, the latest representative integration schemes of hybrid generators with ferroelectric materials are outlined, which could markedly extend the functions of energy harvesters, especially for implantable and biomedical applications.

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“…Note that very recently in ferroelectric materials, it has been reported that the polar nano-domain alignment makes a major contribution to the ultrahigh piezoelectricity of Pb(Mg 1/ 3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT). 40,41 Another well-known application of ferroic crystals is actuators which output strain in response to electric field or mechanical stress. However, a severe problem of ferroelectric electrostrictive materials or shape memory materials is the large hysteresis due to the switching of large ferroic domains or first-order ferroic transition, thereby limiting applications needing high precision and a high fatigue life.…”

Section: Ferroic Glass and Its Unusual Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroic glasses

Wang

et al. 2017

npj Comput Mater

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Ferroic glasses (strain glass, relaxor and cluster spin glass) refer to frozen disordered states in ferroic systems; they are conjugate states to the long-range ordered ferroic states-the ferroic crystals. Ferroic glasses exhibit unusual properties that are absent in ferroic crystals, such as slim hysteresis and gradual property changes over a wide temperature range. In addition to ferroic glasses and ferroic crystals, a third ferroic state, a glass-ferroic (i.e., a composite of ferroic glass and ferroic crystal), can be produced by the crystallization transition of ferroic glasses. It can have a superior property not possessed by its two components. These three classes of ferroic materials (ferroic crystal, ferroic glass and glass-ferroic) correspond to three transitions (ferroic phase transition, ferroic glass transition and crystallization transition of ferroic glass, respectively), as demonstrated in a generic temperature vs. defectconcentration phase diagram. Moreover, through constructing a phase field model, the microstructure evolution of three transitions and the phase diagram can be reproduced, which reveals the important role of point defects in the formation of ferroic glass and glass-ferroic. The phase diagram can be used to design various ferroic glasses and glass-ferroics that may exhibit unusual properties. 1 are a generic name for ferromagnets, ferroelectrics, and ferroelastics, as well as very recently reported ferrotoroidics.2 They originate from a disorder-order ferroic phase transition at a critical temperature (T c ) and have a long-range ordering of magnetic moment in ferromagnets, electric dipole in ferroelectrics, or lattice strain in ferroelastics below T c (ref. 1). The ordering or symmetry-breaking leads to degenerate states of equivalent domains with the same free energy but different orientations, and in order to minimize the internal energy ferroics naturally possess a multi-domain configuration. Under the external stimuli (such as magnetic/electric/mechanical field, temperature), they exhibit many technologically important phenomena such as a hysteresis loop (a switching behavior between different domains) and magnetic/electric/mechanical strain coupling, and have a wide range of applications as memory devices, actuators, sensors, transduces, etc.1,3-7 However, because of the first-order nature, 1,3-9 the hysteresis is usually quite large especially in ferroelastics and ferroelectrics, 3-7 leading to energy loss and fatigue issues. Moreover, a normal ferroic transition renders many of the interesting properties of ferroic crystals (e.g., superelasticity) that are achievable only in a narrow temperature window around the transition temperature. In this review, we show other two classes of ferroic materials: ferroic glass and glassferroic. The former has unique properties that overcome these drawbacks in the ferroic crystal, whereas the latter can exhibit some superior property combination of its two components. Furthermore, experimental and simulated results have revealed a generic...

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Giant electromechanical coupling of relaxor ferroelectrics controlled by polar nanoregion vibrations

Abstract: Polar nanoregion vibrations control the ultrahigh piezoelectric response of relaxor-based ferroelectrics used in applications.

Cited by 107 publications

References 48 publications

The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals

The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals

Harvesting Energy from Human Activity: Ferroelectric Energy Harvesters for Portable, Implantable, and Biomedical Electronics

Ferroic glasses

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