Giant magnetoelectric effects in serial-parallel connected Metglas/PZT arrays with magnetostrictively homogeneous laminates

Cuong, Trinh Dinh; Hùng, Nguyễn Việt; Ha, Vu; Phung, Anh Tuan; Duong, Do Dinh; Tam, Ho Anh; Duc, Nguyen Huu; Giang, D.T. Huong

doi:10.1016/j.jsamd.2020.06.005

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The exchange bias provides an internal bias field and thereby paves the way to flexible and compact delta-E effect sensor arrays with many sensor elements. Only recently were sensor arrays based on magnetoelectric sensor elements reported [43][44][45][46][47], and were limited to direct magnetoelectric detection and were mostly based on macroscopic resonators. A CMOS integrated array of magnetoelastic sensor elements was presented for vector magnetometry [48], but the sensor elements were only characterized individually and without a signal and noise analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Parallel Operation of Exchange-Biased Delta-E Effect Magnetometers for Sensor Arrays

Spetzler

Wiegand

Durdaut

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Recently, Delta-E effect magnetic field sensors based on exchange-biased magnetic multilayers have shown the potential of detecting low-frequency and small-amplitude magnetic fields. Their design is compatible with microelectromechanical system technology, potentially small, and therefore, suitable for arrays with a large number N of sensor elements. In this study, we explore the prospects and limitations for improving the detection limit by averaging the output of N sensor elements operated in parallel with a single oscillator and a single amplifier to avoid additional electronics and keep the setup compact. Measurements are performed on a two-element array of exchange-biased sensor elements to validate a signal and noise model. With the model, we estimate requirements and tolerances for sensor elements using larger N. It is found that the intrinsic noise of the sensor elements can be considered uncorrelated, and the signal amplitude is improved if the resonance frequencies differ by less than approximately half the bandwidth of the resonators. Under these conditions, the averaging results in a maximum improvement in the detection limit by a factor of N. A maximum N≈200 exists, which depends on the read-out electronics and the sensor intrinsic noise. Overall, the results indicate that significant improvement in the limit of detection is possible, and a model is presented for optimizing the design of delta-E effect sensor arrays in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Parallel Operation of Exchange-Biased Delta-E Effect Magnetometers for Sensor Arrays

Spetzler

Wiegand

Durdaut

et al. 2021

Sensors

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show abstract

“…To create a self-rectifying MNM we added a nanoscale rectifying electron transport (RET) layer that creates a nonlinear relationship between the electric displacement (D) and the electrical potential (V) (Fig 1D). We started with an ME material composed of a tri-layer laminate with a piezoelectric layer made of PZT at the center of two magnetostrictive layers made of Metglas ( 25 ) (Fig. S1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-rectifying magnetoelectric metamaterials enable precisely timed remote neural stimulation and restoration of sensory motor functions

Chen

Bhave

Alrashdan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Magnetoelectric materials convert magnetic fields to electric fields and have applications in wireless data and power transmission, electronics, sensing, data storage, and biomedical technology. For example, magnetoelectrics could enable precisely timed remote stimulation of neural tissue, but the resonance frequencies where magnetoelectric effects are maximized are typically too high to stimulate neural activity. To overcome this challenge, we created the first self-rectifying magnetoelectric "metamaterial." This metamaterial relies on nonlinear charge transport across semiconductor layers that allow the material to generate a steady bias voltage in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. This "self-rectification" allows us to generate arbitrary electrical pulse sequences that have a time-averaged voltage in excess of 1 V. As a result, we can use magnetoelectric nonlinear metamaterials (MNMs) to remotely stimulate peripheral nerves with repeatable latencies of less than 5 ms, which is more than 120 times faster than previous neural stimulation approaches based on magnetic materials. These short latencies enable this metamaterial to be used in applications where fast neural signal transduction is necessary such as in sensory or motor neuroprosthetics. As a proof or principle, we show wireless stimulation to restore a sensory reflex in an anesthetized rat model as well as using the MNM to restore signal propagation in a severed nerve. The rational design of nonlinearities in the magnetic-to-electric transduction pathway as described here opens the door to many potential designs of MNMs tailored to applications spanning electronics, biotechnology, and sensing.

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Low-Frequency and High-Sensitivity PVDF/Metglas Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on Bending Vibration Mode

Zhang,

Yang,

Fan

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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The bending vibration modes of asymmetric magnetoelectric (ME) laminated composites operate in a lowfrequency range, but the small value of the ME voltage coefficient (α ME ) at bending vibration frequencies currently hinders the application of ME magnetic sensors at lower frequencies. In this study, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and Metglas were combined by adhesive bonding method to manufacture laminated ME composites. The average stiffness of ME composites was reduced by using vacuum packing technique to modulate the dominant vibration mode from longitudinal to bending. After treatment, the dominant resonance frequency and the DC bias field of the samples with a length of 30 mm were reduced from 51.15 kHz and 3.7 Oe to 10.59 kHz and 2.35 Oe, respectively. The α ME of the samples was significantly increased to 493.7 V•cm −1 •Oe −1 , which is approximately 2.5 times higher than that of the untreated samples. Remarkable magnetic sensing capabilities at low frequencies of the treated samples were also were found. At 10.59 kHz, the samples had a large sensitivity of 2522.33 mV•Oe −1 , an excellent linearity of 0.99985, and good resolutions of 0.4 nT for AC and 2.4 nT for DC magnetic fields, respectively. In addition, samples of different sizes were prepared for comparison. The experimental results obtained from these samples were consistent with those of the original samples. These findings highlight the effectiveness of reducing the average stiffness of composites through the vacuum packing technique in reducing the resonance frequency, optimizing the bias field, and increasing the α ME value. This technique provides a valuable approach to the development of low-frequency and highly sensitive magnetic field sensors.

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Giant magnetoelectric effects in serial-parallel connected Metglas/PZT arrays with magnetostrictively homogeneous laminates

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Modeling and Parallel Operation of Exchange-Biased Delta-E Effect Magnetometers for Sensor Arrays

Modeling and Parallel Operation of Exchange-Biased Delta-E Effect Magnetometers for Sensor Arrays

Self-rectifying magnetoelectric metamaterials enable precisely timed remote neural stimulation and restoration of sensory motor functions

Low-Frequency and High-Sensitivity PVDF/Metglas Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on Bending Vibration Mode

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