Giant magnetostriction in low-concentration magnetorheological elastomers

Silva, Jorge; Gouveia, C.; Dinis, G.; Pinto, A.M.; Pereira, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110125

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Various forms of physical actuation methods exist, including thermal actuation [94,95,204,205], electrical actuation [206][207][208], magnetic actuation [52][53][54]209], optical actuation [210,211], humiditydriven actuation [212][213][214], and acoustic actuation [215][216][217]. Within the realm of robotic grippers, these actuation methods are implemented through specific means, such as DEs actuation [96, 147-149, 218, 219], ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) actuation [92,99,150,[220][221][222][223][224], SMA actuation [10,97,190,[225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236], SMPs actuation [25,76,100,228,[237]…”

Section: Physicochemical Actuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, we have categorized them into four distinct grasping modes: points contact (PC), lines contact (LC), surfaces contact (SC), and full-bodies contact (FBC). PC characterizes the first mode, achieving stable grasping of objects through adhesion [25][26][27][28][29][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. The gripper can only adaptively conform to the object without any motion control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable stiffness soft robotic gripper: design, development, and prospects

Shan,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Bioinspir. Biomim.

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The advent of variable stiffness soft robotic grippers furnishes a conduit for exploration and manipulation within uncharted, non-structured environments. The paper provides a comprehensive review of the necessary technologies for the configuration design of soft robotic grippers with variable stiffness, serving as a reference for innovative gripper design. The design of variable stiffness soft robotic grippers typically encompasses the design of soft robotic grippers and variable stiffness modules.To adapt to unfamiliar environments and grasp unknown objects, a categorization and discussion have been undertaken based on the contact and motion manifestations between the gripper and the things across various dimensions: points contact (PC), lines contact (LC), surfaces contact (SC), and full-bodies contact (FBC), elucidating the advantages and characteristics of each gripping type. Furthermore, when designing soft robotic grippers, we must consider the effectiveness of object grasping methods but also the applicability of the actuation in the target environment. The actuation is the propelling force behind the gripping motion, holding utmost significance in shaping the structure of the gripper. Given the challenge of matching the actuation of robotic grippers with the target scenario, we reviewed the actuation of soft robotic grippers. We analyzed the strengths and limitations of various soft actuation, providing insights into the actuation design for soft robotic grippers. As a crucial technique for variable stiffness soft robotic grippers, variable stiffness technology can effectively address issues such as poor load-bearing capacity and instability caused by the softness of materials. Through a retrospective analysis of variable stiffness theory, we comprehensively introduce the development of variable stiffness theory in soft robotic grippers and showcase the application of variable stiffness grasping technology through specific case studies. Finally, we discuss the future prospects of variable stiffness grasping robots from several perspectives of applications and technologies.

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Section: Physicochemical Actuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable stiffness soft robotic gripper: design, development, and prospects

Shan,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Bioinspir. Biomim.

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“…In recent years, there is growing interest in the investigation of magnetic-field-induced macroscopic deformations of an intriguing class of polymer-based ferromagnetic composite materials, known as magnetorheological or magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In general, MAE comprise micro- or nanometer-sized ferromagnetic particles embedded into a soft elastomer matrix [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Response of Macroscopic Deformation of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields

Glavan,

Belyaeva,

Shamonin

2024

Polymers

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Significant deformations of bodies made from compliant magnetoactive elastomers (MAE) in magnetic fields make these materials promising for applications in magnetically controlled actuators for soft robotics. Reported experimental research in this context was devoted to the behaviour in the quasi-static magnetic field, but the transient dynamics are of great practical importance. This paper presents an experimental study of the transient response of apparent longitudinal and transverse strains of a family of isotropic and anisotropic MAE cylinders with six different aspect ratios in time-varying uniform magnetic fields. The time dependence of the magnetic field has a trapezoidal form, where the rate of both legs is varied between 52 and 757 kA/(s·m) and the maximum magnetic field takes three values between 153 and 505 kA/m. It is proposed to introduce four characteristic times: two for the delay of the transient response during increasing and decreasing magnetic field, as well as two for rise and fall times. To facilitate the comparison between different magnetic field rates, these characteristic times are further normalized on the rise time of the magnetic field ramp. The dependence of the normalized characteristic times on the aspect ratio, the magnetic field slew rate, maximum magnetic field values, initial internal structure (isotropic versus anisotropic specimens) and weight fraction of the soft-magnetic filler are obtained and discussed in detail. The normalized magnetostrictive hysteresis loop is introduced, and used to explain why the normalized delay times vary with changing experimental parameters.

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“…Despite the MRE based on TD producing a massive magnetostriction value, some works have combined Galfenol (Fe-Ga) with epoxy and PU matrix [12][13][14] due to lower cost than TD and showed that the value of saturation magnetostriction could reach above 0.03% [15]. Most recently, a combination of iron, cobalt and vanadium (FeCo-2V) was used as the particles to fabricate MRE and obtained magnetostriction value of 0.3731% [16]. In addition to the aforementioned MRE composition, some works have crosslinked micronsized iron particles with silicone rubbers and produced varying magnetostriction strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetostriction Enhancement in Midrange Modulus Magnetorheological Elastomers for Sensor Applications

et al. 2023

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Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), which is capable of exhibiting magnetostriction in the presence of a magnetic field, has a great potential to be used for the development of sensor devices. Unfortunately, to date, many works focused on studying low modulus of MRE (less than 100 kPa) which can hamper their potential application in sensors due to short lifespan and low durability. Thus, in this work, MRE with storage modulus above 300 kPa is to be developed to enhance magnetostriction magnitude and reaction force (normal force). To achieve this goal, MREs are prepared with various compositions of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs), in particular, MRE with 60, 70 and 80 wt.% of CIP. It is shown that both the magnetostriction percentage and normal force increment are achieved as the concentration of CIPs increases. The highest magnetostriction magnitude of 0.075% is obtained with 80 wt.% of CIP, and this increment is higher than that of moderate stiffness MRE developed in the previous works. Therefore, the midrange range modulus MRE developed in this work can copiously produce the required magnetostriction value and potentially be implemented for the design of forefront sensor technology.

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Giant magnetostriction in low-concentration magnetorheological elastomers

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

Variable stiffness soft robotic gripper: design, development, and prospects

Variable stiffness soft robotic gripper: design, development, and prospects

Transient Response of Macroscopic Deformation of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields

Magnetostriction Enhancement in Midrange Modulus Magnetorheological Elastomers for Sensor Applications

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