Giant Peripheral Temporomandibular Osteoma With Immediate Reconstruction of Mandible

Abstract

Osteoma is a benign osteogenic tumor, which is characterized the slow-growing proliferation of compact or cancellous bone. The etiology of the lesion is not well established. Among the hypotheses, the following are related: a traumatic factor, infectious processes, or true neoplasm due to the origin of cartilaginous cells. It can present at any age, usually in young adult individuals, with equal prevalence in both sexes. The clinical characteristics of the peripheral osteoma are represented by slow asymptomatic growth, which leads to swelling and, thus, facial asymmetry. When it is related to the mandibular condyle, this growth can cause functional impairment, such as malocclusion, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and even limited mouth-opening owing to ankylosis.

Multiple Mandibular Osteomas Not Associated with Gardner Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review

“…Size is another factor to consider. A large osteoma will involve a large resection and the need for subsequent reconstruction, unlike a smaller osteoma where removal of the lesion will enough [23][24][25].…”

“…For cases of large condylar osteomas, recurrences, or ankylosis, where a more aggressive resection involves loss of anatomy and masticatory function, joint reconstruction should be considered as the first option [19,26,27]. There are different methods to reconstruct, among them we have the use of autologous iliac crest or costochondral bone grafts fixed with reconstruction plates, or the use of joint prostheses (stock or customized) for total joint replacement [24,27]. Different mechanisms have been described to facilitate the surgical treatment of this pathology.…”

Peripheral Osteoma of the Mandibular Condyle—Case Series

“…Peripheral osteomas are usually located at the mandibular body, whereas the condyloid process of the mandible is rarely affected. A review of the literature, as it is shown below, revealed only a few cases of osteomas located on the mandibular condyle, though each case is reportable [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Symptoms of an osteoma of the condyloid process depend on its exact location, and the most frequent symptoms included trismus [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], swelling [ 22 , 23 , 25 , 30 , 31 ], malocclusion [ 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 23 , 32 ], and asymmetry of the face [ 15 , 17 , 21 , 26 , 28 , 29 ]. Pain [ 19 , 28 , 31 ] was recorded in only a few cases and difficulty in swallowing [ 27 ] was observed in only one case of a large osteoma which developed from the internal surface of the mandibular condyle and had intra-oral swelling.…”