Giant Sigmoid Diverticulum: A Rare Complication of a Common Disease

Abstract

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A Phantom of the Large Bowel

“…GCD typically arises from the sigmoid colon, and rarely from the transverse colon, but it is reported to occur in any segment of the colon [2]. In general, this entity affects the elderly population with an age range of 40 to 90 years and mostly occurring after the age of 60 [4].…”

“…Histologically, GCD can be classified into three types [4, 5]. Type 1 GCD is a small pulsion diverticulum where the true muscularis propria layer ends at the neck of the diverticulum and remnants of the muscularis mucosa with granulation tissue are found within the wall of the diverticulum [4, 6].…”

“…Histologically, GCD can be classified into three types [4, 5]. Type 1 GCD is a small pulsion diverticulum where the true muscularis propria layer ends at the neck of the diverticulum and remnants of the muscularis mucosa with granulation tissue are found within the wall of the diverticulum [4, 6]. Type 2 GCD, which is the most commonly encountered, refers to an inflammatory GCD that was formed due to a perforation in the subserosal layer leading to a walled-off abscess cavity contributing a gradually enlarging diverticulum [6].…”

“…Urinary symptoms and transient leg swelling due to compression of the bladder and iliac veins respectively, as well as focal neurological deficits, are some of the unique presentations encountered in this condition [1, 8]. Differential diagnosis may include and not limited to Meckel’s diverticulum, small bowel duplication cyst, emphysematous cholecystitis, pancreatic pseudocyst, and vesicoenteric fistula [4]. There have been case reports of malignant tumor growth in the diverticula, namely colonic adenocarcinoma and MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma [9, 10].…”