Giardiasis

Meuwissen, J. H. E. T.; Tongeren, J. H. M. Van; Werkman, H.P.T.; Vella, E. E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90019-8

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thirty-five patients were initially entered into this trial, 18 in the tinidazole group and 17 in the metronidazole group. Two patients, one in each group, were ultimately excluded from analysis because they did not bring in the required number of stool samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-dose tinidazole for the treatment of giardiasis

Speelman¹

1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Sixty-three expatriate residents and travellers in Bangladesh, infected with Giardia lamblia, participated in two studies to compare the therapeutic efficacy of tinidazole and metronidazole. In the first trial 33 randomly selected patients were treated with tinidazole (50 mg/kg of body weight to a maximum of 2 g) or metronidazole (60 mg/kg of body weight to a maximum of 2.4 g) in a single oral dose. Patients were followed for 4 weeks after the end of therapy for the presence of G. lamblia in their stools. Sixteen (94%) of 17 patients receiving tinidazole were free of G. lamblia during that period, compared to only 9 (56%) of 16 patients who had received metronidazole (P < 0.02). In the second trial patients were randomly allocated to a treatment schedule of either metronidazole as a single dose on 3 successive days (50 mg/kg of body weight to a maximum of 2 g daily) or tinidazole as a single oral dose (50 mg/kg of body weight to a maximum of 2 g). All 15 patients treated with tinidazole and 14 (93%) of 15 patients treated with metronidazole were free of G. lamblia during the 4-week follow-up period. A single oral dose of tinidazole is a highly effective treatment for giardiasis and is equal in efficacy to a 3-day therapy with metronidazole.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-dose tinidazole for the treatment of giardiasis

Speelman¹

1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Muscular changes have received little attention, although they are often present,' and the disease has sometimes been confused with muscular dys-trophy. [2][3] We describe an additional case, and report the muscular changes in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Giardiasis in infancy diarrhoea.

Monaghan¹,

R²,

Egan-Mitchell³

et al. 1980

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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SUMMARY Of 435 infants with diarrhoea aged under one year, 6% were found to have Giardia lamblia; the incidence ranged from 30 in housed infants to 12% in itinerant infants. All infants had duodenal fluid and faeces examined. Infants under 12 weeks may experience severe diarrhoea in association with infection by this parasite, but seem more likely to respond to metronidazole than older infants.Prevalence of giardiasis varying from 1 * 1 to 12 -5 % in different countries has been cited by Petersen,' who reported an incidence of 5 % in a survey in Norway, rising to 15% in patients with diarrhoea. In a recent study2 giardial cysts were found in 6 % of 10932 faecal specimens from 4753 children and adults in Holland; none was found in 18 infants under 1 year, and the highest incidence (21 %) was in 165 children aged between 5 and 9 years. Burke3 described giardiasis in 7 children; 2 of them were under one year and the youngest was just 2 weeks. We could not find a report of combined duodenal and faecal screening for giardiasis in infancy diarrhoea. Patients and methodsOf 527 infants under 1 year from a mixed urban and rural population admitted consecutively to a gastroenteritis unit during a 3-year period, duodenal intubation was judged to be successful in 435, as shown by a flow of clear yellow fluid of pH 7 or over. Each infant (218 boys and 217 girls) had duodenal fluid and the initial faecal specimen examined for Giardia lamblia, and routine bacteriological culture of duodenal fluid and faeces. 147 infants came from itinerant (tinker) families. Faeces were examined microscopically after preparing a suspension in Lugol's iodine. 25 infants who had terminal duodenal biopsies had mucosal smears examined for trophozoites using Giemsa's stain. X-ray examination for confirmation of the site of the duodenal tuibe was not considered justifiable in this study. Weights were plotted on centile charts of Tanner and Whitehouse.4 Results G. lamblia was found in 26 (6%) infants (Table); cysts were found in faeces in 15 infants, trophozoites in duodenal fluid in 12, and in mucosal smears in 2; in 3 infants the parasite was found both in duodenal fluid and faeces. Infants of itinerant families were 34% of those successfully intubated, and the incidence of giardiasis among them was 12 % compared with 3 % in housed infants. The earliest isolations were at 18 and 26 days of age respectively (in housed infants) and the diarrhoea in these infants was severe but appeared to respond quickly to metronidazole. Diarrhoea ceased within 7 days of starting metronidazole in 9 of 10 infants aged less than 12 weeks compared with 5 of 13 over this age, a significant difference (P <0 * 05, x2 test). Specific bacterial pathogens were isolated in faeces of 30 (6.8%) infants, 15 salmonellae, 9 shigellae, and 6 enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, but in only one of these was G. lamblia also found (in faeces). Of infants with giardiasis, 31 % were below the 10th centile for weight compared with 27% of those without, and 11 % required intravenous rehydr...

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“…9 In Glasgow the results of stool examination were positive in 13 3% of Scots children, compared with 10-2%o of Asian and only 110 of Chinese or African children. '2 The higher incidence of giardiasis in the indigenous population was attributed to severe overcrowding being greatest among the local Scots.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Ebola virus infectons.

1977

BMJ

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Giardiasis

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Single-dose tinidazole for the treatment of giardiasis

Single-dose tinidazole for the treatment of giardiasis

Giardiasis in infancy diarrhoea.

Ebola virus infectons.

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