Gibberellin Biosynthesis: Genetic Studies in <i>Gibberella fujikuroi</i>

Spector, Calvin; Phinney, Bernard O.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1968.tb07237.x

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Genetic studies with this strain resulted in the identification of two ''genes.'' The first gene, g1, is responsible for the biosynthesis of all gibberellins prior to the synthesis of GA 7 , while the second, g2, catalyzes 13-hydroxylation prior to the synthesis of GA 1 and GA 3 (Spector and Phinney, 1968). These two ''genes'' (which we now know to be a group of genes) are nonallelic and not linked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gibberellin Biosynthetic Pathway inGibberella fujikuroi:Evidence for a Gene Cluster

Tudzynski

Hölter

1998

Fungal Genetics and Biology

178

146

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…One of the tetrads was of special interest, since one of the four strains produced high amounts of GA 4 , GA 7 , and GA 9 , but no GA 1 and GA 3 (Spector and Phinney, 1968). Genetic studies with this strain resulted in the identification of two ''genes.''…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gibberellin Biosynthetic Pathway inGibberella fujikuroi:Evidence for a Gene Cluster

Tudzynski

Hölter

1998

Fungal Genetics and Biology

178

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The microsomal pellets were resuspended in 4 ml of 75 mm Tricine (pH 8), frozen, and stored in liquid N2 until used. F. moniliforme (ACC 917, M419) stock cultures were maintained on potato dextrose agar (20). The liquid culture medium was that used by Nakata (14) containing glucose (80 g), KH2PO4 (2.0 g), MgSO4 (0.5 g), NH4NO3 (1.0 g), and trace elements (2.5 ml) made up to a total volume of 1 liter with glass-distilled H20.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Specificity and Site of Action of α-Cyclopropyl-α-[p-methoxyphenyl]-5-pyrimidine Methyl Alcohol (Ancymidol), a Plant Growth Regulator

Coolbaugh¹,

Hirano²,

West³

1978

Plant Physiol.

118

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a-Cyclopropyl-a-Ip-methoxyphenyll-5-pyrimidine methyl alcohol (ancymidol) is an inhibitor of ent-kaur-16-ene oxidation in microsomal preparations from the liquid endosperm of immature Marab macrocarpus seeds. The Ki for this inhibitor is about 2 x 10-9 M. Ancymidol also blocks entkaur-16-en-19-ol and ent-kaur-16-en-19-al oxidation by the same preparations with a similar efficiency, but does not significantly inhibit ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid oxidation. Ancymidol appears to be specific for this series of oxidations in higher plant tissues. It does not inhibit the oxidation of kaurene nor kaurenoic acid in rat lver microsomes and has no significant effect on the oxidation of cinnamic acid in microsomal preparations from Sorghum bicolor seedlings. Ancymidol Ancymidol' is a substituted pyrimidine with potent growth regulatory activity in higher plants (1,10,19,22,23). The inhibition of normal growth by ancymidol can be overcome by applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) (1,10,19,23 other oxidative reactions to determine if ancymidol is a general mixed function oxidase inhibitor, or if it has some degree of specificity for the reactions of this pathway. This paper describes the effects of ancymidol on the oxidation of kaurene and some of its closely related metabolic derivatives in microsomal preparations from immature seed of Marah macrocarpus, the fungus Fusarium moniliforme, and rat liver. The effects of ancymidol on the hydroxylation ofcinnamic acid in microsomal preparations from sorghum seedlings are also reported. In addition, some evidence is presented which indicates that ancymidol interacts directly with Cyt P-450. MATERIALS AND METHODSEnzyme Sources. Immature fruits of M. macrocarpus (Greene) Greene, wild cucumber, were collected in the spring of 1976 in the Santa Monica Mountains. Immature seeds were removed, rinsed, and stored at -20 C until used. Liquid endosperm was removed from the seeds, ground in a Teflon to glass homogenizer (Thomas), and centrifuged 15 min at 10,000g. The resulting supernatant was centrifuged 90 min at 150,000g in a Beckman model Ti-60 rotor. The 150,000g pellet was then resuspended in 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5) containing 25% (v/v) glycerol. The soluble and microsomal preparations were used either directly as an enzyme source or frozen and stored in liquid N2 for future use.Sorghum bicolor (Northrup King) seeds were disinfected with 1% (v/v) NaOCl for 1 hr, thoroughly rinsed, and germinated in moist Vermiculite in the dark. The top 2 cm were harvested on the 5th day after planting and used to prepare microsomes. Approximately 20 g of leaf tissue were ground in a chilled mortar and pestle with 2 volumes of 0.15 M K-phosphate (pH 8) containing 0.35 M NaCl and 1 g of insoluble PVP (Polyclar AT). The homogenate was filtered through Miracloth and centrifuged as above for M. macrocarpus microsomes. The microsomal pellets were resuspended in 4 ml of 75 mm Tricine (pH 8), frozen, and stored in liquid N2 until used. F. moniliforme (ACC 917, M419) stock cultures were maintai...

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“…Mating between a high and low gibberellin-producing strain gave tetrads that segregated 2: 2 in terms of the total amount of produced gibberellins. One of the analyzed tetrads was of special interest, since one of the four strains produced high amounts of G~, GA7 and GA9 but no GAl and GA3 (Spector & Phinney, 1968). Genetic studies with this strain resulted in the identification of two genes, gl and g2.…”

Section: Strain Improvement and Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A number of natural and synthetic media were tested which would support the development of the sexual stage of the fungus. Spector & Phinney (1966& Phinney ( , 1968 found a medium containing stems of Citrus medica stimulated perithecial production. When fungal strains of opposite mating type were grown on stems of this tree, perithecia were regularly produced within 3-6 weeks.…”

Section: Strain Improvement and Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%