Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Higher Plants

Hedden, Peter

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0531

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 191 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Gibberellins stimulate cell division and expansion in response to light, thus promoting stem elongation (Gupta and Chakarabarty, 2013). The stem elongation stimulated by the GA 3 treatment is not directly related to flowering; however, in many species, transition to flowering triggers the stem elongation (Hedden, 2016). Even though Kalancho€ e species are traditionally used as potted plants, lately, there is increasing interest in using them as cut flowers because of their outstanding vase life (Queen, https://www.queen.dk/en).…”

Section: Growth Regulators Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many plants, the flowering response is closely linked to endogenous hormonal levels, which is directly or indirectly associated with their developmental stage (Bratzel and Turck, 2015). Gibberellins are a class of hormones that play multiple roles in plant growth and development, such as seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, shortening of juvenile phase and floral transitioning, and fruit patterning (Hedden, 2016). Gaskin et al (1973) observed that the level of gibberellins increased considerably in Kalancho€ e daigremontiana when flower formation was induced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid Improves Flowering in Kalanchoë

Coelho¹,

Fkiara²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 2018

horts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kalanchoë is an economically important genus comprising numerous potted plants and recently is also emerging as cut flowers. However, the lack of information about flower-inducing factors limits the number of species that can be used in commercial production and breeding programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA3) on flower induction and flowering quality of Kalanchoë longiflora and Kalanchoë pinnata. The experiment was conducted under a short day (SD) photoperiod with a day temperature of 22 °C and a night temperature of 15 °C for 8 weeks. The treatments consisted of four applications of either 0.25 or 0.50 μg of GA3 per plant per week, providing a total of 100 μg or 200 μg/plant and 0 μg/plant for the control. The volume of 100 μL of GA3 solution containing 1% agarose was applied to the shoot apex using a pipette. For both species, flowering was enhanced by the GA3 treatments compared with the control plants. Gibberellin-treated plants flowered earlier, produced more inflorescences, and exhibited an increased number of flowers compared with the control plants. Moreover, the GA3 treatments in K. longiflora delayed the appearance of wilted flowers. Plant height increased in plants that received GA3, but the number of nodes did not differ from the control plants. Thus, we conclude that the application of GA3 improves flowering of Kalanchoë species and can be a useful tool for the production of cut flower cultivars.

show abstract

Section: Growth Regulators Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid Improves Flowering in Kalanchoë

Coelho¹,

Fkiara²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 2018

horts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) is a natural phytohormone that has promising applications in agriculture and in the horticulture industry due to its positive impact on plant growth and development [9]. GA 3 has been used as a plant growth regulator in different crops, ornamental plants, and orchards, exhibiting positive impacts for enhancing seed germination [10,11], flowering [12,13], endosperm mobility, leaf expansion, leaf development, shortening of juvenile phase, stem elongation, floral transitioning, and setting of flowers and fruits [14,15]. Foliar applications of GA 3 enhance the flower stem length in cut-flowers grown in soil [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioregulators Can Improve Biomass Production, Photosynthetic Efficiency, and Ornamental Quality of Gazania rigens L.

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gazania rigens L. is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family, widely used as bedding or ornamental potted plants. The environmental and economic sustainability of ornamental production can be enhanced using environmentally friendly bioregulators. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of key bioregulators gibberellic acid ((GA3) at 50, 100 or 150 mg L−1), humic acid ((HA) at 100, 300 or 600 mg L−1), and ascorbic acid ((AA) at 50, 100 or 200 mg L−1)), on the growth, leaf gas exchange, and ornamental quality of G. rigens. The results indicated that plants treated with foliar applications of GA3, HA, or AA exhibited higher plant fresh and dry biomass, plant height, leaf area, and leaf area ratio, root-shoot ratio, root-shoot mass fractions, and number of flowers, as well as the flowers display time. All bioregulator treatments enhanced the vegetative and floral characteristics of Gazania plants. The GA3 was the most efficient at the concentration of 100 mg L−1. The highest efficacy of HA and AA treatments was observed at the higher concentrations, 600 and 200 mg L−1, respectively. These results were associated with higher photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration rate (E) as well as stomatal conductance (gs), and water use efficiency (WUE). In conclusion, the results suggest that foliar-applied bioregulators to Gazania are promising and represent sustainable strategies to enhance growth, flowering, and flower display time of Gazania plants.

show abstract

“…Gibberellins, which belong to the tetracyclic diterpenoid class of hormones, comprise a group of over 136 natural plant constituents [ 6 ], but only some of them, e.g. GA 1 , GA 3 , GA 4 , GA 5 , GA 6 and GA 7 exhibit biological activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gibberellins play important roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, e.g. seed development and germination, somatic embryo germination and regeneration, stem elongation, leaf expansion and flower development [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 12 , 13 ]. Because somatic embryogenesis starts in most cases from leaf explants, so the primary status of gibberellin metabolism in leaf tissues should be considered with a particular attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression and metabolite profiling of gibberellin biosynthesis during induction of somatic embryogenesis in Medicago truncatula Gaertn

Igielski

Kępczyńska

2017

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gibberellins (GAs) are involved in the regulation of numerous developmental processes in plants including zygotic embryogenesis, but their biosynthesis and role during somatic embryogenesis (SE) is mostly unknown. In this study we show that during three week- long induction phase, when cells of leaf explants from non-embryogenic genotype (M9) and embryogenic variant (M9-10a) were forming the callus, all the bioactive gibberellins from non-13-hydroxylation (GA4, GA7) and 13-hydroxylation (GA1, GA5, GA3, GA6) pathways were present, but the contents of only a few of them differed between the tested lines. The GA53 and GA19 substrates synthesized by the 13-hydroxylation pathway accumulated specifically in the M9-10a line after the first week of induction; subsequently, among the bioactive gibberellins detected, only the content of GA3 increased and appeared to be connected with acquisition of embryogenic competence. We fully annotated 20 Medicago truncatula orthologous genes coding the enzymes which catalyze all the known reactions of gibberellin biosynthesis. Our results indicate that, within all the genes tested, expression of only three: MtCPS, MtGA3ox1 and MtGA3ox2, was specific to embryogenic explants and reflected the changes observed in GA53, GA19 and GA3 contents. Moreover, by analyzing expression of MtBBM, SE marker gene, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of manipulation in GAs metabolism, applying exogenous GA3, which not only impaired the production of somatic embryos, but also significantly decreased expression of this gene.

show abstract

Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Higher Plants

Cited by 18 publications

References 191 publications

Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid Improves Flowering in Kalanchoë

Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid Improves Flowering in Kalanchoë

Bioregulators Can Improve Biomass Production, Photosynthetic Efficiency, and Ornamental Quality of Gazania rigens L.

Gene expression and metabolite profiling of gibberellin biosynthesis during induction of somatic embryogenesis in Medicago truncatula Gaertn

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About