“…Much less is known about the characteristics of gifted children who do not fit this profile. The existing evidence suggests that the cognitive characteristics of highly intelligent children are fairly similar across ethnicities and cultures, but the affective and social characteristics vary considerably with the cultural context of the student (Ford, 1996;Plucker, 1996;Steinberg, 1996). Subpopulations of gifted children that tend to be at risk for both underperformance in school and social/emotional adjustment difficulties include children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (Friedman, 1994;Van Tassel-Baska, Patton, & Prillaman, 1991), children from single-parent families (Gelbrich & Kare, 1989), African-Americans (Ford, 1996), the highly gifted (an IQ greater than three standard deviations above the mean) , and the twice-exceptional (e.g., gifted and learning disabled, gifted and attention deficit disordered, etc.)…”