Gigantic Capacito-Energetic Parameters of Lithium-Intercalation Current Generation Reaction in Nanodispersed TiO₂with Defective Structure

Abstract

To determine the reasons of the difference between the parameters of lithium intercalation process for materials of the same nature, the nanodispersed TiO 2 was synthesized by pyrogenic method from TiCl 4 in hydrogen-air flame with SiCl 4 doping precursor and was compared with TiO 2 of "Merck" quality. The X-ray analysis with the use of small-angle scattering method, electronic scanning microscopy and impedance spectroscopy were used to determine aforesaid parameters. Obtained results show that the reason of such behaviour lays in size effect and in modification of energetic topology of impurity system. Thermodynamic parameters of intercalation reaction agree well with investigated properties of ceramic samples.

Li+ intercalation current generation in amorphous and crystalline MoS2: Experiment and theory

“…Analysis of data from the literature concerning the peculiarities of nanosized particles in intercalation current-generation reactions indicates that it is not only doped but also disordered (amorphous) nanoparticles that are very poorly studied in this perspective. The obtained results [19] unambiguously confirmed the promise of the first approach to increasing the efficiency of intercalation current generation. The second approach has no experimental evidence of its effectiveness, though it is known [20] that it is the amorphization of graphite that causes a triple growth of a specific lithium intercalation capacity; but this takes place only in the anode process.…”

“…This concept caused a rapid growth of works in this direction, which, although approached, however, still did not achieve the goal [16][17][18]. And only recently [19] we have succeeded in practically achieving such a specific capacity in the cathode process which is close to the gram-equivalent of lithium. It became possible at the expense of maximization of the influence of impurity energy topology by double doping of nano-TiO 2 .…”

INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY OF Li+-INTERCALATED CURRENT GENERATION IN SUPRAMOLECULAR ENSEMBLES WITH HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURE MCM-41〈HYDROQUINONE〉

“…This prompted the research activity in this direction. [5][6][7][8] Only recently 9 we achieved practically the theoretical limit of speci¯c capacity in the cathodic process ($ 3200 mA*h/g) due to impurity improvement into the specially synthesized defective nano-TiO 2 .…”