“…Within geography, Spinoza's philosophy has most often been cited within work that appears under the banner of the "affective turn" (see, for some examples, Anderson, 2014;Ash, 2015;Bissell, 2010;Closs Stephens, 2016;Dewsbury, 2015;Gallagher, 2016;Johnson, 2019;Keating, 2019;Lapworth, 2020;McCormack, 2007;Tedeschi, 2021). Spinoza's renewed presence within geographical discourse is due in large part to the influential work of Brian Massumi, who develops a unique reading of Spinozian philosophy wherein what Spinoza calls "affect" is transformed such that it comes to stand in for the visceral but transient intensities of bodily experience that often pass below the threshold of cognitive awareness (Massumi, 1995(Massumi, , 2002(Massumi, , 2015a(Massumi, , 2015b).…”