Gingerol suppresses sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by modulating methylsulfonylmethane and dimethylamine production

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and metabolic dysfunction are critical complications in sepsis syndrome; however, their pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, we evaluated whether the pharmacological properties of 6-gingerol (6G) and 10-gingerol (10G) could modulate AKI and metabolic disruption in a rat model of sepsis (faecal peritonitis). Animals from the sham and AKI groups were intraperitoneally injected with 6G or 10G (25 mg/kg). Septic AKI decreased creatinine clearance and renal antioxidant activity, but enhanced oxidative stress and the renal mRNA levels of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and transforming growth factor-β. Both phenol compounds repaired kidney function through antioxidant activity related to decreased oxidative/nitrosative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. Metabolomics analysis indicated different metabolic profiles for the sham surgery group, caecal ligation and puncture model alone group, and sepsis groups treated with gingerols. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analysis detected important increases in urinary creatine, allantoin, and dimethylglycine levels in septic rats. However, dimethylamine and methylsulfonylmethane metabolites were more frequently detected in septic animals treated with 6G or 10G, and were associated with increased survival of septic animals. Gingerols attenuated septic AKI by decreasing renal disturbances, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response through a mechanism possibly correlated with increased production of dimethylamine and methylsulfonylmethane.

Diets and dietary supplements used during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates: A cross-sectional survey

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused a high demand for ginger globally ( Ayipey, 2020 ), which is reflected in our study’s findings as more than 80% of participants reported increasing their ginger intake during this pandemic. A considerable body of evidence supports ginger’s therapeutic values in pulmonary and inflammatory conditions such as pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, and sepsis, which are all pertinent to COVID-19, though a direct link has not been established yet ( Panyod et al, 2020 , Rodrigues et al, 2018 , Shariatpanahi et al, 2010 , Thota et al, 2020 ). The evidence also supports a therapeutic value for other natural products and foods such as turmeric, curcumin, cinnamon, lemon, basil, and pepper, which were also being increasingly consumed by our study’s population ( Thota et al, 2020 ).…”

Gender Differences in the Levels of Periodontal Destruction, Behavioral Risk Factors and Systemic Oxidative Stress in Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Cohort Pilot Study

“…Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the oxidative stress biomarkers, such as MDA (malondialdehyde), NOx (the indirect assessment of NO synthesis), total oxidative stress (TOS), and plasma antioxidant status was assessed by measuring the thiol, catalase and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) plasma level, as described previously [ 55 , 56 ].The plasma parameters of oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity were assessed using a spectrophotometer (Jasco International Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). MDA assessment was made by using thiobarbituric acid reaction, reported as a standard method [ 57 , 58 , 59 ]. Briefly, the serum sample was mixed with trichloracetic acid and vigorously vortexed, then thiobarbituric acid was added.…”

Natural products as home‐based prophylactic and symptom management agents in the setting of COVID‐19

“…Both compounds have also reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers, MDA and nitrite, as well as increased the levels of antioxidants, GSH and SOD. In addition, they also reduced levels of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, and kidney injury marker, KIM‐1 (Rodrigues et al, 2018).…”