Gingival crevicular glucose estimation and patient’s perception of pain during routine dental examination - a concept based on a novel patented periodontal device

Abstract

Background/Aim. Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease-causing high mortality and morbidity worldwide. So, physicians need to identify this condition early to implement prevention strategies. The study aimed to test the concept of a novel periodontal device that can be attached to a glucose monitoring device as an innovative tool to screen for periodontitis and diabetes mellitus simultaneously during a routine dental examination. Therefore, correlation of blood glucose between the conventional finger-prick blood glucose (FPBG) and gingival crevicular blood glucose (GCBG) method, along with estimation of patient's pain perception by visual analogue scale (VAS). Methods. A crosssectional comparative study was conducted among 250 participants whose GCBG and FPBG were estimated. VAS score scale was recorded for each patient immediately after the procedure. Results. The mean GCBG value was 151.19 ? 42.64 mg/dL, while mean FPBG was 150.48 ? 42.95 mg/dL, showing a high Pearson's correlation (r=0.9932; p< 0.00001). Mann-Whitney U for VAS score between both the groups showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.00001). Conclusion. The GCBG method was well tolerated by patients, and highly correlated with peripheral blood glucose levels. The proposed concept of the novel periodontal device appeared to be a feasible option for examining periodontium and screening diabetes simultaneously in dental clinics.

Impact of local predisposing/precipitating factors and systemic drivers on peri‐implant diseases

“…The levels of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) expressed in the peri‐implant sulcular fluid (PISF) are higher among patients with peri‐implantitis compared to those with implants without peri‐implantitis 64 . This is in agreement with the finding that glucose concentrations in blood and in gingival crevicular fluid are closely correlated 65 . Hence in hyperglycemia, the microbiome in the pocket has more glucose available than in health and hence favors certain member of the microbial community.…”

“…64 This is in agreement with the finding that glucose concentrations in blood and in gingival crevicular fluid are closely correlated. 65 Hence in hyperglycemia, the microbiome in the pocket has more glucose available than in health and hence favors certain member of the microbial community. The other predominant mechanism is inflammation that is induced by both the microbial insult, hyperglycemia, and the host inflammatory responses.…”