Gingival Indices: State of Art

Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa; Queiroz, Adriana Corrêa de

doi:10.5772/26236

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The GI and OHI-S scores were chosen because they are both relatively straightforward, quick to score, and have been validated [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Gingivitis and Oral Hygiene in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Amira¹,

Fauziah²,

Suharsini³

2019

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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Objective: To determine the frequency distribution of gingivitis and oral hygiene in individuals with Down syndrome. Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive method and the subjects were 174 individuals with Down syndrome aged ≥14 years attending type C (intellectual disability) special needs schools in Jakarta. Gingivitis was measured using the gingival index, and oral hygiene was measured using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). The measurement of the two components of plaque and calculus was completed on six teeth on different surfaces, including the facial side of three maxillary teeth, the lingual side of the two posterior mandibular teeth, and the labial side of one anterior mandibular tooth. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: 3.4% had no gingivitis, 47.2% had mild gingivitis, 40.8% had moderate gingivitis, and 8.6% had severe gingivitis. Regarding oral hygiene, 28.2% had good hygiene, 49.4% had fair, and 22.4% had poor hygiene. Conclusion: Individuals with Down syndrome had a frequency distribution of gingivitis mainly in the mild and moderate categories, and a majority of subjects had fair OHI-S.

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“…The GI and OHI-S scores were chosen because they are both relatively straightforward, quick to score, and have been validated [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severity of gingivitis can be clinically measured by probing the gingival sulcus and scoring gingival inflammation based on the gingival index (GI). The scoring criteria are given in Table 1 [11,12]. Severe inflammation.…”

Section: Study Design and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Gingivitis and Oral Hygiene in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Amira¹,

Fauziah²,

Suharsini³

2019

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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“…The indices obtained were periodontal pocket depth, defined as the distance between the gingival margin and the bottom of the periodontal pocket (Kim et al, 2017) which was evaluated with the periodontal probing clinical insertion level (Beltrán‐Aguilar, Eke, Thornton‐Evans, & Petersen, 2012); Turesky's modification of the “Quigley–Hein Plaque Index,” where plaque on the vestibular and lingual surfaces of the entire dentition is ranked on a scale of 0–5 after using a revealing agent. After all the surfaces are evaluated an average has to be calculated (Turesky, Gilmore, & Glickman, 1970); and the gingival bleeding index (Bessa Rebelo & de Queiroz, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatis in the gingival sulcus and pharynx in patients of Northeast Mexico

Coronado‐Cerda

Áncer‐Rodríguez

Montemayor‐Martínez

et al. 2020

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Background The oral microenvironment provides the conditions for the establishment of microorganisms not usually considered residents of the normal oral microbiota. Sexually transmitted microorganisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis can adhere to any mucosal surface and ascend to reach appropriate locations to survive and develop symptomatic infections. Materials and methods To determine the presence of C. trachomatis, direct immunofluorescence of this microorganism was carried out in 76 randomly selected patients attending a periodontal clinic during a period of 1 year. Samples from the gingival sulcus and the pharynx were collected for detection of C. trachomatis. Patients who attended the periodontal clinic were divided into two groups: those without periodontitis and those with periodontitis. For the purpose of performing other statistical analyses, all patients were also divided by gender and age. Results From the total of 76 patients, in the group without periodontitis, 61% were positive for C. trachomatis in the gingival sulcus and 63.4% in the pharynx; in the periodontitis group, 45.7% were positive in the sulcus and 40% in the pharynx. When we compared patients by gender or age, no statistical difference was found. Conclusions The prevalence of C. trachomatis in this group was 53.9% in the gingival sulcus and pharynx of the studied patients.

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“…Secondary endpoints were oral scores recorded at D0, D7, D14, D21, and D28: Plaque Index, Gingival Index and Halitosis score [79]. Patients' questionnaire responses were recorded at the end of the study (D28): Dry mouth improvement, longer freshness feeling, irritated gum soothing, gum redness and swelling reduction, bleeding of gum or reduction of plaque formation on teeth, and responses on product use.…”

Section: Secondary Endpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inclusion criteria Inclusion criteria were as follows: >18 in good general health; males and females; having at least 20 natural teeth including 5 teeth (excluding 3rd molars) in each quadrant; average whole mouth dental plaque scores of >1.5 by the Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein index (Plaque Index) and with average score of >1.0 by the Loe-Silness Index (Gingival Index) [79].…”

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confidence: 99%

Solidago virgaurea L. Plant Extract Targeted against Candida albicans to Reduce Oral Microbial Biomass: A Double Blind Randomized Trial on Healthy Adults

et al. 2020

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Oral microbiome plays an important part on oral health and endogenous bacteria and fungi should not be eradicated. However, their proliferation must be controlled by oral hygiene care. In vitro, Solidago virgaurea ssp. virgaurea L. (SV) plant extract inhibits the adherence and hyphal formation of a fungus, Candida albicans. It reduces the biomass of Candida-bacterial biofilms but not fungal or bacterial growth. Unlike chemical antiseptics, like triclosan and chlorhexidine for instance, SV is a plant extract easily biodegradable. The purpose of this study was to assess the in vivo effectiveness of SV extract in reducing oral biomass. A randomized, double-blind clinical study, with dental plaque evaluation designed to assess the effectiveness of a fluorinated toothpaste containing SV (Bucovia™, Givaudan, Vernier, Switzerland) was conducted. Sixty-six subjects (SV group n = 33 vs. control n = 33) brushed their teeth twice a day for a 4-week period. Supragingival dental plaque was sampled. Total bacterial load (broad spectral bacterial quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)), C. albicans and seven bacterial species were quantified by qPCR. In the Intervention group, there was a decrease of Total bacterial load (ΔD0D28 p = 0.005 and ΔD14D28 p = 0.026), Streptococcus mutans (ΔD0D14 p = 0.024) and C. albicans (ΔD0D28 p = 0.022). In the Control group Total bacterial load tended to decrease from baseline to day 28 (ΔD0D28 p = 0.062 and ΔD14D28 p = 0.009). Plaque Index and Gingival Index improved in both groups.

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Gingival Indices: State of Art

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Occurrence of Gingivitis and Oral Hygiene in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Occurrence of Gingivitis and Oral Hygiene in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Chlamydia trachomatis in the gingival sulcus and pharynx in patients of Northeast Mexico

Solidago virgaurea L. Plant Extract Targeted against Candida albicans to Reduce Oral Microbial Biomass: A Double Blind Randomized Trial on Healthy Adults

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