Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces oxidative/carbonyl stress damage and ameliorates inflammation in the lung of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Context Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is a biologically active component of ginseng [ Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae)]. Objective This study determined the underlying mechanisms of Rb1 treatment that acted on diabetes-injured lungs in diabetic rats. Materials and methods Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model was used. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups ( n = 10): control, Rb1 (20 mg/kg), insulin (15 U/kg to attain the euglycaemic state) and diabetic (untreated). After treatment for six weeks, oxidative stress assay; histological and ultrastructure analyses; TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1 and IL-6 protein expression analyses; and the detection of apoptosis were performed. Results There was decreased activity of SOD (3.53-fold), CAT (2.55-fold) and GSH (1.63-fold) and increased levels of NO (4.47-fold) and MDA (3.86-fold) in the diabetic group from control. Rb1 treatment increased SOD (2.4-fold), CAT (1.9-fold) and GSH (1.29-fold) and decreased the levels of NO (1.76-fold) and MDA (1.51-fold) as compared with diabetic rats. The expression of IL-6 (5.13-fold), IL-1α (2.35-fold), TNF-α (2.35-fold) and TGF-β (2.39-fold) was increased in diabetic rats from control. IL-6 (2.43-fold), IL-1α (2.27-fold), TNF-α (1.68-fold) and TGF-β (2.3-fold) were decreased in the Rb1 treatment group. Diabetes increased the apoptosis rate (2.23-fold vs. control), and Rb1 treatment decreased the apoptosis rate (1.73-fold vs. the diabetic rats). Rb1 and insulin ameliorated lung tissue injury. Discussion and conclusions These findings indicate that Rb1 could be useful for mitigating oxidative damage and inflammatory infiltration in the diabetic lung.

Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces oxidative/carbonyl stress damage and dysfunction of RyR2 in the heart of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…Two weeks after STZ injection, 30 diabetic model rats were randomly divided into the following groups: the diabetic group ( n = 10) received no treatment; the insulin-treated diabetic group (insulin, n = 10) was treated with insulin (15 U/kg, sc) for 8 weeks; and the Rb1 treated diabetic group (Rb1, n = 10) received intragastric Rb1 (20 mg/kg of Rb1) for 8 weeks [ 24 , 26 ]. A schematic of the study design is shown in Fig.…”

“…Ginseng [Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer (Araliaceae)] is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb to protect cardiovascular disease. Ginsenosides Rb1(Rb1, molecular formula: C54H92O23, MW: 1109.29 g/mol) is a biologically active component of ginseng that is responsible for its pharmacological properties [ 22 – 26 ]. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Rb1 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy and myocardial ischemia by inhibiting RyR2 activity to regulate calcium signaling [ 27 , 28 ].…”

The Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 against Mechanical Trauma in a Rat Model of Postpartum Stress Urinary Incontinence

“…Ginsenoside Rb1 (GS-Rb1), a crucial monomeric active constituent extracted from Panax ginseng, Notoginseng radix [11,12], has attracted widespread attention because of its antioxidant and anti-infammatory properties, as well as its ability to promote burn wound healing, reduce apoptosis, and induce cytokine production [13][14][15][16]. GS-Rb1 has also been shown to modulate the expression and activity of numerous proteins and pathways, including the TGF-β1/Smad, PI3K/mTOR, Nrf2/ARE, and MAPK/NF-κb pathways [16].…”