Ginsenoside Rg3 regulates DNA damage in non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating VRK1/P53BP1 pathway

Liu, Tianhua; Zuo, Ling; Guo, Dongqing; Chai, Xiangping; Cui, Zhaorui; Wang, Zhiyi; Hou, Chunying

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109483

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Many studies have reported that single ginsenosides exhibit anticancer effects, including anti-tumorigenic, anti-proliferative, and anti-metastatic activities in a variety of tumors from different tissues [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. As BST204 is a mixture of several ginsenosides, with Rg3 and Rh2 being the predominant active compounds, Rg3 and Rh2 comprise 10% and 5% of BST204 respectively [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ginseng contains many different ingredients, including saponins, phenolic compounds, polyacetylenes, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and most importantly ginsenosides, which are the major active compounds with various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and cardiovascular protective activities [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Among all the ginsenosides, Rh2 and Rg3 have shown anti-carcinogenic effects against a variety of cancers [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Migration of Embryonic Carcinoma through Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Properties

Park

Han

2020

Molecules

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The pharmacological effects of BST204—a fermented ginseng extract—on several types of cancers have been reported. However, the effects of ginseng products or single ginsenosides against cancer stem cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified the anti-tumorigenic and anti-invasive activities of BST204 through the suppression of the cancer stem cell marker, CD133. The treatment of embryonic carcinoma cells with BST204 induced the expression of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, which decreased the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and downregulated the expression of CD133 and several stemness transcription factors. These changes resulted in both the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. The knockdown of CD133 suggests that it has a role in tumorigenesis, but not in cancer cell proliferation or cell cycle arrest. Treatment with BST204 resulted in the reduced expression of the mesenchymal marker, N-cadherin, and the increased expression of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, leading to the suppression of tumor cell migration and invasion. The knockdown of CD133 also exhibited an anti-invasive effect, indicating the role of CD133 in tumor invasion. The single ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2—major components of BST204—exhibited limited effects against cancer stem cells compared to BST204, suggesting possible synergism among several ginsenoside compounds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Migration of Embryonic Carcinoma through Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Properties

Park

Han

2020

Molecules

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“…Recently, many researchers had conducted in vitro experiments on the anti-NSCLC effects of ginsenoside Rg3. Liu et al (2019) Reported that ginsenoside Rg3 could upregulate VRK1 expression and P53BP1 foci formation in response to DNA damage, thereby inhibiting the tumorigenesis and viability of cancer cells. Futhermore, ginsenoside Rg3 could enhance the anticancer activity of Gefitinib through increasing apoptosis and decreasing migration in NSCLC cell lines (Dai et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Ginsenoside Rg3 Combined with First-line Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Peng

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: For advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, first-line chemotherapy is the main treatment in the clinic despite its efficacy is limited and adverse effects are always inescapable. Ginsenoside Rg3, an anti-cancer active ingredient by suppressing angiogenesis, has been increasingly widely used as an adjuvant in first-line chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC to optimize treatment in China. However, no comprehensive meta-analyses have been conducted to estimate the efficacy and safety of the therapy combining ginsenoside Rg3 and first-line chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients.Methods: Randomized controlled trails using a combination of first-line chemotherapy and ginsenoside Rg3 for advanced NSCLC patients were searched and selected from six databases. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assessed the quality of these selected original researches. And we used Review Manager 5.3 and STATA to analyze the data.Results: Twenty-two RCTs that matched our selection criteria with a number of 2202 patients were included in our review. The results showed that compared with first-line chemotherapy alone, the combination of ginsenoside Rg3 and first-line chemotherapy could better improve the objective response rate (ORR) (RR [95% CI], 1.44 [1.27, 1.63], p < 0.00001 ), the disease control rate (DCR) (RR [95% CI], 1.24 [1.12, 1.38], p < 0.0001), karnofsky performance status (KPS) (RR [95% CI], 1.62 [1.42, 1.84], p < 0.00001), one-year survival rate (RR [95% CI], 1.49 [1.08, 2.06], p = 0.01), two-year survival rate (RR [95% CI], 6.22 [1.68, 22.95], p = 0.006), weight change (RR [95% CI], 1.31 [1.04, 1.66], p = 0.02), and higher reduce the VEGF levels (RR [95% CI], -2.21 [-4.03, -0.38], p = 0.02), the incidence of gastrointestinal reactions (RR [95% CI], 0.66 [0.47, 0.93], p = 0.02) and bone marrow suppression (RR [95% CI], 0.43 [0.30, 0.61], p < 0.00001).Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rg3 can enhance drug efficacy and reduce drug-induced toxicity from chemotherapy. These findings provide helpful information for clinicians indicating that a therapy combined of ginsenoside Rg3 and first-line chemotherapy may be used to optimal the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

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“…Furthermore, CK suppressed cell viability by downregulating HIF-1 α mediated glucose metabolism and increased autophagy-mediated apoptosis via AMPK-mTOR and JNK signaling pathways in NSCLC [ 114 ]. Rg3 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor growth by suppressing FUT4-mediated EGFR inactivation and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, as well as by promoting vaccinia-related kinase (VRK)1 expression [ 115 – 117 ]. Rk3 abrogated NSCLC xenograft tumor growth by causing cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and apoptosis [ 118 ].…”

Section: Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Activities of Ginsenosides, the Main Active Components of Ginseng

Hong

Baatar

Hwang

2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Cancer incidence rate has been increasing drastically in recent years. One of the many cancer treatment methods is chemotherapy. Traditional medicine, in the form of complementary and alternative therapy, is actively used to treat cancer, and many herbs and active ingredients of such therapies are being intensely studied to integrate them into modern medicine. Ginseng is traditionally used as a nourishing tonic and for treating various diseases in Asian countries. The therapeutic potential of ginseng in modern medicine has been studied extensively; the main bioactive component of ginseng is ginsenosides, which have gathered attention, particularly for their prospects in the treatment of fatal diseases such as cancer. Ginsenosides displayed their anticancer and antimetastatic properties not only via restricting cancer cell proliferation, viability, invasion, and migration but also by promoting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy in several cancers, such as breast, brain, liver, gastric, and lung cancer. Additionally, ginsenosides can work synergistically with already existing cancer therapies. Thus, ginsenosides may be used alone or in combination with other pharmaceutical agents in new therapeutic strategies for cancer. To date however, there is little systematic summary available for the anticancer effects and therapeutic potential of ginsenosides. Therefore, we have reviewed and discussed all available literature in order to facilitate further research of ginsenosides in this manuscript.

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Ginsenoside Rg3 regulates DNA damage in non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating VRK1/P53BP1 pathway

Cited by 44 publications

References 38 publications

Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Migration of Embryonic Carcinoma through Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Properties

Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Migration of Embryonic Carcinoma through Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Properties

The Efficacy of Ginsenoside Rg3 Combined with First-line Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Anticancer Activities of Ginsenosides, the Main Active Components of Ginseng

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