Girls’ Dairy Intake, Energy Intake, and Weight Status

Fiorito, Laura M.; Ventura, Alison K.; Mitchell, Diane C.; Smiciklas‐Wright, Helen; Birch, Leann L.

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.08.003

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Data from crosssectional epidemiological studies support the hypothesis that milk and/or dairy consumption is associated with lower body fat and BMI in children and adolescents [1,17,31,36,37]. Moore et al [31] found that adolescents in the lowest category of total dairy intake had higher BMIs and more subcutaneous fat in their subscapular and triceps skinfolds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between DP intake and obesity. Some observational studies of children and adolescents have reported a significant inverse relationship between dairy consumption and measures of body composition [1,17,31,37,38], while others have found no association [2,23,36]. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how DP intake influences fatness and body composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk intake is inversely related to body mass index and body fat in girls

et al. 2012

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Dairy foods comprise a range of products with varying nutritional content. The intake of dairy products (DPs) has been shown to have beneficial effects on body weight and body fat. This study aimed to examine the independent association between DP intake, body mass index (BMI), and percentage body fat (%BF) in adolescents. A cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted with 1,001 adolescents (418 boys), ages 15-18 years, from the Azorean Archipelago, Portugal. Anthropometric measurements were recorded (weight and height), and %BF was assessed using bioelectric impedance analysis. Adolescent food intake was measured using a self-administered, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed separately for girls and boys, and separate multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the association between total DP, milk, yogurt, and cheese intake, BMI, and %BF, adjusting for potential confounders. For boys and girls, respectively, total DP consumption was 2.6 ± 1.9 and 2.9 ± 2.5 servings/day (P = 0.004), while milk consumption was 1.7 ± 1.4 and 2.0 ± 1.7 servings/day (P = 0.001), yogurt consumption was 0.5 ± 0.6 and 0.4 ± 0.7 servings/day (P = 0.247), and cheese consumption was 0.4 ± 0.6 and 0.5 ± 0.8 servings/day (P = 0.081). After adjusting for age, birth weight, energy intake, protein, total fat, sugar, dietary fiber, total calcium intake, low-energy reporters, parental education, pubertal stage, and physical activity, only milk intake was negatively associated with BMI and %BF in girls (respectively, girls: β = −0.167, P = 0.013; boys: β = −0.019, P = 0.824 and girls: β = −0.143, P = 0.030; boys: β = −0.051, P = 0.548). Conclusion: We found an inverse association between milk intake and both BMI and %BF only in girls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk intake is inversely related to body mass index and body fat in girls

et al. 2012

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“…The study participants were part of a larger longitudinal study designed to examine parental influences on girls' growth and development (18)(19)(20). Only data for girls age 9 years (n=183) and 11 years (n=177) and their parents (mothers, n=182; fathers, n=169) who were assessed when girls were age 9 and 11 were included in this sample.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plausible Reports of Energy Intake May Predict Body Mass Index in Pre-Adolescent Girls

Savage

Mitchell²,

Smiciklas‐Wright³

et al. 2008

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

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Inaccurate reporting of energy intake makes it difficult to study the associations between diet and weight status. This study examined reported energy intake at age 9 years as a predictor of girls' body mass index (BMI) at age 11 years, before and after adjusting for parents' BMI and girls' pubertal status. This prospective, observational cohort study included 177 non-Hispanic white girls and their parents. When the subjects were 9 years of age, three 24-hour recalls were used to categorize girls as plausible or implausible over-reporters and under-reporters based on previously published methods. Height and weight was measured to calculate BMI. Linear and hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict girls' BMI. Results revealed that girls who under-reported had significantly higher BMIs than plausible and overreporters. Among the total sample and among implausible reporters, reported energy intake was not a significant predictor of BMI; however, among plausible reporters, reported energy intake explained 14% of the variance in BMI and remained a significant predictor after adjusting for parental BMI and girls' pubertal status. Systematic bias related to underreporting in dietary data can obscure relationships with weight status, even among young girls. A relatively simple analytical procedure can be used to identify the magnitude and nature of reporting bias in dietary data.Obesity and overweight are due to an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, in which intake exceeds expenditure (1). Among youth, previous research has failed to consistently reveal positive relations between reported energy intake and weight status (2-4). This has led to the conclusion that low energy expenditure, rather than excessive energy intake, is responsible for weight gain and an increase in overweight among adolescents (2). However, failure to note relations between reported energy intake and weight status may be due to bias in reporting dietary intake. Doubly labeled water studies reveal weight-related reporting bias among older children and adults, with heavier children under-reporting to a greater extent than thinner children (5-9).Although doubly labeled water studies provide clear evidence for bias in reporting of energy intake (9-12), it is expensive and laboratory-based, which is not feasible for use in screening most studies. Recently, Huang and colleagues developed screening procedures, using the logic developed in the use of doubly labeled water studies, to allow the classification of individuals as plausible, under-reporters, and over-reporters (13,14) The purpose of this research was to examine the extent to which girls' reported energy intake assessed at age 9 years predicted girls' body mass index (BMI) at age 11 years, before and after adjusting for pubertal status and parent BMI. Girls were classified as plausible or implausible under-reporters and over-reporters, based on the method of Huang and colleagues (15), to test the hypothesis that (1) under-reporters would be heavier than ...

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“…High fat snacks and sugar-rich drinks provide a tremendous amount of energy, thus frequent consumption of unhealthy snacks is mentioned as a potential cause of obesity (10). On the other hand, results of many studies suggest that decreasing milk or dairy consumption my lead to increased body fat and obesity (11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Correlation between BMI, Waist Circumference, and the Snacking Pattern and Dairy Consumption among Female Student Residents of Shiraz University Dormitories

Faghih¹,

Mohebpour²,

Eskandari³

2014

Women's Health Bull

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Background:It is suggested that the type and frequency of snacks as well as dairy consumption can influence body weight and composition. Objectives: This study attempts to assess the correlation of BMI and waist circumference with snacking pattern and dairy consumption among female university students. Materials and Methods: We randomly selected 112 female students who were residents of Shiraz University dormitories as participants in this cross-sectional study. Weight, height and waist circumference of the participants were measured. Demographic and food frequency questionnaires were completed in face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results:The results showed that 17% of participants were underweight, 74.1% were normal weight and 8.9% were overweight. Among participants, 95.5% had a normal waist circumference whereas the waist circumference in 4.5% was above normal. There were 63.3% of female students who consumed just one snack per day. Confectionaries (84.1%) were the most popular snacks. Mean ± SD dairy consumption was 1.78 ± 1.20 servings per day. There were no correlations between body mass index and waist circumference with snacking pattern or dairy intake. Conclusions:The majority of our subjects had normal weight and waist circumference, thus we did not find any correlation between body mass index and waist circumference to snacking pattern or dairy intake. Similar studies should be conducted that enroll both overweight and normal weight subjects.

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Girls’ Dairy Intake, Energy Intake, and Weight Status

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

Milk intake is inversely related to body mass index and body fat in girls

Milk intake is inversely related to body mass index and body fat in girls

Plausible Reports of Energy Intake May Predict Body Mass Index in Pre-Adolescent Girls

Assessment of the Correlation between BMI, Waist Circumference, and the Snacking Pattern and Dairy Consumption among Female Student Residents of Shiraz University Dormitories

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