GIS and Disease

Cromley, Ellen K.

doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.24.012902.141019

Cited by 161 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, in the case of the ISP reforms, the impact on patient composition does not explain much of the negative gradient between deprivation and provision that emerged between 2002/03 and 2010/11. The source of the increasing inequality here was NHS-funded procedures conducted 45 Cromley and McLaerty [2012] Centre is somewhat larger than our baseline estimates, at 0.67 hip replacement. Private Hospitals, in column 3, which started operating as ISPs in the second wave of the reform were existing private hospitals that treated NHS and privately funded patients alongside one…”

Section: Hip Replacement Provision and Proxies For Needcontrasting

confidence: 55%

New joints: private providers and rising demand in the English National Health Service

Kelly¹,

Stoye²

2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis paper investigates how changes in hospital choice sets aect levels of patient demand for elective hospital care. We exploit a set of reforms in England that opened up the market for publicly-funded patients to private hospitals. Impacts on demand are estimated using variation in distance to these private hospitals, within regions where supply constraints are xed. We nd that the reforms increased demand for publiclyfunded procedures. For public hospitals, volumes remained unchanged but waiting times fell. Taken together, our results provide new insights into how individuals make choices about their care and the scope of competition between hospitals.

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Section: Hip Replacement Provision and Proxies For Needcontrasting

confidence: 55%

New joints: private providers and rising demand in the English National Health Service

Kelly¹,

Stoye²

2015

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“…Currently, data about climate and the environment have been widely used in studies of distribution and frequency of certain diseases in Tropical areas using GIS. An important issue about the use of these analyzes is the comprehension about the population behavior with respect of possible changes in the environment (CROMLEY, 2003).…”

Section: Geographic Information System (Gis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

et al. 2015

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Fasciola hepatica is a parasite that is located in the liver of ruminants with the possibility to infect horses, pigs and humans. The parasite belongs to the Trematoda class, and it is the agent causing the disease called fasciolosis. This disease occurs mainly in temperate regions where climate favors the development of the organism. These conditions must facilitate the development of the intermediate host, the snail of the genus Lymnaea. The infection in domestic animals can lead to decrease in production and control is made by using triclabendazole. Triclabendazole resistance in F. hepatica has been reported worldwide including in Brazil. Another concern is the increase number of human cases with the consumption of contaminated vegetables in regions where sanitation is inadequate together with the presence of infected animals and the absence of efficient control methods. The knowledge of the epidemiology of animal fasciolosis, including their occurrence, distribution and monitoring with techniques such as PCR and ELISA is reaching a new level with the usage of the Geographic Information System. The objective is to use new technologies for early fasciolosis diagnostic, as well as, to develop geoprocessing technics that could allow the determination of its prevalence and the evolution of clinical cases in animals before hand. This review paper provides an overview of F. hepatica, covering the aspects listed above, including original data. Key words: Fasciola hepatica, epidemiology, geographic information system, zoonosis ResumoFasciola hepatica é um parasita que se localiza no fígado de ruminantes, podendo infectar equinos, suínos e humanos. O parasito pertence à classe Trematoda, sendo o agente responsável pela doença denominada fasciolose, que ocorre principalmente em regiões temperadas, com clima favorável para o desenvolvimento do organismo. Tais condições devem auxiliar no desenvolvimento do hospedeiro intermediário, o molusco do gênero Lymnaea. Existe uma crescente preocupação quanto ao número de casos humanos diagnosticados em certas regiões cujo saneamento básico é inadequado, há presença de animais infectados e cultura em consumir hortaliças de áreas contaminadas cruas ou pouco cozidas. O parasitismo em animais domésticos pode levar a uma queda no desempenho animal e seu controle é realizado, principalmente, com o uso do triclabendazole. Entretanto, relatos quanto à resistência do patógeno à este produto vêm sendo descritos, inclusive no Brasil. O conhecimento da epidemiologia da fasciolose animal, incluindo sua ocorrência, distribuição e monitoramento com técnicas laboratoriais como o ELISA e a PCR, estão tendo um novo progresso com a utilização do Sistema de Informação Geográfica. O objetivo de utilizar essas novas tecnologias é diagnosticar a fasciolose mais precocemente, assim como, desenvolver técnicas de geoprocessamento que possam determinar a prevalência e a evolução dos casos em animais. Este artigo aborda recentes avanços no monitoramento da F. hepatica, cobrindo alguns aspectos lista...

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“…19,20 This study will also illustrate how spatial analysis methods are particularly useful when dealing with huge density differences between geographic areas. By using traditional geographical maps in the health field, we look for possible links between health parameters and geographic location.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Obesity in Canada: where and how many?

et al. 2005

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Context: Obesity rates are rising sharply among all industrialized countries; the situation seems to be worse in English speaking countries. Taking into account genetic predisposition, excess of caloric intake combined with low energy expenditure will usually result in obesity. Objectives: To describe and compare regional obesity rates across Canada and assess the ecological relationship between regional rates of obesity, low level of leisure-time physical activity, and low fruit and vegetable consumption. Design: Cross-sectional population-based analysis from the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey. Measures and data analyses: Canadian population distributions of body mass index (BMI), leisure-time physical activity and daily fruit and vegetable consumption were obtained from Statistics Canada. All these measures were based on the respondent's selfreported answers to a computer-assisted personal or telephone interview. Obesity rates (BMIX30), rates of low level of leisure-time physical activity (less than 1.5 kcal of energy expenditure per day), and rates of low fruit and vegetable consumption (less than five times a day) for the 106 Canadian Health regions were mapped to illustrate their geographical distribution. Cartograms were used in addition to traditional mapping to take into account the differences in population density between these small areas. Results: In 2003, 15.2% of Canadian individuals aged 20 years and older were considered obese. The rates of obesity varied substantially between the 106 Canadian health regions: from 6.2% in Vancouver to 47.5% in aboriginal population area. At the health region level, low leisure-time physical activity and low fruit and vegetable consumption are both good predictors of obesity (odds ratio of 9.2 and positive predictive value of 93% when considered simultaneously). Conclusion: There is a strong gradient in obesity prevalence between Canadian health regions. At the regional level, high rates of low level of physical activity, and high rates of low fruit and vegetable consumption were both found good predictors of high rates of obesity.

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GIS and Disease

Cited by 161 publications

References 48 publications

New joints: private providers and rising demand in the English National Health Service

New joints: private providers and rising demand in the English National Health Service

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

Obesity in Canada: where and how many?

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