GIS application for urban domestic wastewater treatment site selection in the Northern Ethiopia, Tigray Regional State: a case study in Mekelle City

Nigusse, Amare Gebremedhin; Adhaneom, Ukeubay Geiday; Kahsay, Gebrerufael Hailu; Abrha, Abadi Mehari; Gebre, Desta Nigusse; Weldearegay, Amanuel Gedey

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-5257-4

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Additionally, industrial and vehicular wastes are the primary sources of the chemical pollution of water sources in the Mekelle. However, Mekelle is among Ethiopia's most rapidly growing cities though wastewater management is abysmal (Nigusse et al, 2020 ). According to the study conducted by Alemayehu et al ( 2019 ), the landfill near the water sources, the samples of groundwater, and the stream in the landfill neighborhood are characterized by high concentrations of TDS, sulfate, chloride bicarbonate, and nitrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of the urban drinking water systems in Ethiopia and possible interventions for sustainability

Beker

Kansal

2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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Rapid urbanization in developing countries has imposed threats and challenges to basic urban infrastructures like drinking water, transportation, and energy systems. The existing urban drinking water systems (UDWS) are highly stressed and unsustainable, particularly under changing hydroclimatic conditions, population growth, changing socioeconomic conditions, government decisions, and various policies. This study focuses on the complexities of UDWS in Sub-Saharan African countries, especially in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to investigate the issues and challenges of urban drinking water systems (UDWS) in Ethiopia, specifically, to assess the gap between water supply and demand, water loss/non-revenue water, environmental, technical, institutional, and governance, etc. and propose sustainable interventions to deal with such issues so as to improve. For this purpose, a mix of methods involving primary data (including key informant interviews, field observations, and field measured data) and secondary data (including published articles, books, various reports, and design documents), as well as various computer-aided applications (mainly, ArcGIS and WaterGEMS) are used to collect data. The issues are deliberated through the UDWSs of Addis Ababa, Adama, Mekelle, and Dire Dawa cities in Ethiopia. Complexities like water shortage, high and low pressure in the water distribution network (WDN), non-revenue water (NRW)/water loss, source pollution, ineffective policies and governance, and weak institutions are the main challenges to Ethiopian cities' water utilities. Further, the case study noticed that in Addis Ababa alone, potable water is only accessible to 66% of the city population. A significant water supply deficit was observed in Mekelle city, where only half of the city population has access to potable water from the system. Additionally, in Addis Ababa, Adama, Mekelle, and Dire Dawa, above 35% of the freshwater produced is either NRW, unaccounted for, or lost, which is significantly higher than the upper 25% limit suggested by the World Bank. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt certain sustainable interventions, such as integrated water resource management, installing appurtenances like pressure-reducing valves, check valves in the WDN, controlling and monitoring of WDN through supervisory control and data acquisition and Internet of Things, effective and long-term planning and policy, etc. It is felt that the study will help the decision-makers and the operators of the UDWS utilities to run the water supply schemes in a sustainable manner. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10668-022-02901-7.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of the urban drinking water systems in Ethiopia and possible interventions for sustainability

Beker

Kansal

2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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“…After reviewing works of literature, the criteria selected were presented with fixed suitable buffers in Table 1. 13,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfill Site Selection Using GIS Based Multicriteria Evaluation Technique in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

Asefa

Damtew

Bayu

2021

Environ�Health�Insights

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Solid waste disposal is one of the challenging components in integrated solid waste management. Particularly the problem is prominent in cities with rapid population growth and waste generation. Harar, a capital city of Harari regional state located in the eastern part of Ethiopia, covers an area of 19.5 km2 and has a total population of 270 000. Despite the fastest population growth of the city, it doesn’t have a landfill site to accommodate the waste generated and open dumping is in full practice. As an integral part of a solid waste management plan, the construction of a landfill has been suggested by the city municipality. However, the multi-dimensional and conflicting aspect of landfill sitting, which involves environmental, social, technical, and economic considerations, challenges the location of a suitable landfill site. In the current study, we have applied geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) multi-criteria decision analysis to select a landfill site through minimizing conflicting interests. Environmental and socio-economic factors including well water, distance from residence, land use and land cover, elevation, slope, and wind direction were weighted to develop a suitability index for landfill siting. Experts’ opinion was obtained to rank the aforementioned factors. The required landfill size was determined based on population growth, waste generation rate, and waste volume/year. Accordingly, the suitability index resulted in 3% of the area as highly suitable, and the rest 0.29%, 14.18%, 52.75%, and 29.8% classified as unsuitable, least suitable, moderately suitable, and suitable, respectively. Considering the future trend of waste generation, 16 ha of land located in the eastern part of the city was selected as a candidate landfill site with all the required suitability. The results of this study can be used as an input for decision making in siting landfill for Harar city.

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“…This is primarily due to the fact that water naturally flows downhill from higher elevations to lower ones. It is widely acknowledged that flatter, lower-lying areas are more appropriate for the placement of WWTPs (Nigusse, 2020). In the study area, elevations range from 210 to 582 m, and according to the criteria, elevations between 210 and 17 m are deemed optimal for constructing a WWTP.…”

Section: Data Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asefa and Mindahun (2019) utilized GIS techniques to identify suitable WWTP sites in Debre Berhan Town (Ethiopia) using multiple criteria. Nigusse et al (2020) aimed to determine optimal sites for urban domestic wastewater treatment in Mekelle city (Ethiopia) based on several parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater treatment plant site selection using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis

Awawdeh,

Al-Rousan,

Alkaraki

2023

AGJSR

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PurposeCesspits are the means for each house to dispose of wastewater in the Bani Kinanah District (BKD) of Jordan, which creates severe environmental complications. This research aimed to find a suitable site for a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in BKD.Design/methodology/approachGeographic Information System (GIS)-based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used for an optimal site selection for a sewage treatment plant. Several datasets were obtained to prepare the maps of the criteria influencing the choice of the most suitable site for the WWTP. The analytic hierarchy process was used to apply the weights for each factor.FindingsFive classes of suitability were generated: 0.23% very high suitability, 8.49% high suitability, 47.12% moderate suitability, 37.67% low suitability and 6.49% very low suitability. According to Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) results, the elevations, slope and groundwater depth have high importance; where their weights 21%, 19% and 17%, respectively. The most suitable site for establishing a WWTP was found in the northern part of the study area, where it is characterized by relatively low elevations (−90 to −93 m), low slope (0–2.5 %), distance from groundwater level (47–82 m) and the space is sufficient for building the plant (25328 m2, 8861 m2 and 8586 m2).Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited by the availability of data.Practical implicationsThe research is invaluable for decision makers involved in urban planning.Social implicationsWastewater treatment plants are essential for communities with limited resources such as Jordan. It has also profound impacts on the surrounding environment.Originality/valueFrom the present study, it can be concluded that GIS is essential in urban utility establishment, like urban domestic wastewater treatment site selection. Although the study area has adequate potential areas for establishing WWTP, further assessment of flood vulnerability, wastewater amount quantification, population growth and urban expansion must be seriously considered before implementation.

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GIS application for urban domestic wastewater treatment site selection in the Northern Ethiopia, Tigray Regional State: a case study in Mekelle City

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Complexities of the urban drinking water systems in Ethiopia and possible interventions for sustainability

Complexities of the urban drinking water systems in Ethiopia and possible interventions for sustainability

Landfill Site Selection Using GIS Based Multicriteria Evaluation Technique in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

Wastewater treatment plant site selection using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis

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