GIS-based multi-criteria analysis of breeding habitats for recolonising species: New Zealand sea lions

MacMillan, Hamish; Moore, Antoni; Augé, Amélie A.; Chilvers, B. Louise

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.06.008

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The protection of species whose populations have been reduced to low numbers should encompass every individual, along with the preservation and enhancement of their habitat, including the potential habitats and ecosystems that might be critical for the species’ survival (MacMillan, Moore, Augé, & Chilvers, ; Reeves, ; Reeves & Reijnders, ). Relict subpopulations across a species' range might have an important role by which severely depleted populations can recover (Bonin, Goebel, Forcada, Burton, & Hoffman, ; Notarbartolo di Sciara & Kotomatas, ); in this context, LDAs may play an important role in the survival, recovery, and the overall distribution of the Mediterranean monk seal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of recovery and recolonization of former habitat by pinniped species are widely acknowledged (Bonin et al, ; Cammen et al, ; Grandi et al, ; Hoelzel, Fleischer, Campagna, Le Boeuf, & Alvord, ; Kirkwood, Warneke, & Arnould, ; MacMillan et al, ; Pyle, Long, Shonewald, Jones, & Roletto, ; Reijnders, van Dijk, & Kuiper, ). In addition, temporary migration and the occurrence of transient or visitor animals may have important implications for conservation of the populations and groups of many endangered marine mammals ranging across borders of different countries (Bearzi, Bonizzoni, & Gonzalvo, ; Genov et al, ; Stern, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protection of species whose populations have been reduced to low numbers should encompass every individual, along with the preservation and enhancement of their habitat, including the potential habitats and ecosystems that might be critical for the species' survival (MacMillan, Moore, Augé, & Chilvers, 2016;Reeves, 2008;Reeves & Reijnders, 2002 The main factors for the recovery of a species include the reduction of human impacts (Lotze, Coll, Magera, Ward-Paige, & Airoldi, 2011). The establishment and enforcement of areas restricted to certain human activities (i.e.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On sightings of (vagrant?) monk seals, Monachus monachus, in the Mediterranean Basin and their importance for the conservation of the species

Bundone

Panou

Molinaroli

2019

Aquatic Conservation

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In ancient times, the distribution range of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) extended all over the coasts of the Mediterranean, the Black Sea and parts of the north‐eastern Atlantic coast. Nowadays, the species is classified as Endangered and the current total world population is stated to consist of ~700 animals, though numbers mostly express best estimates. Distribution patterns in documents of international authorities from the last 15 years indicate the species' extinction in a number of Mediterranean countries, whereas in some of them only a few individuals are thought to survive and in others the status is unknown. This study analyses recent monk seal sightings over the period from 2000 to 2014 in the Mediterranean Basin. The locations of the sightings cover most of the study area and indicate a spreading of individual seals or a more stable presence in regions where the species was considered extinct. The investigation pointed out that efforts for the protection of monk seals, the most endangered marine mammal in Europe, should encompass all areas where monk seal sightings have been recorded, including the protection and conservation of potential suitable habitats in countries where the species apparently no longer exists. Appropriate conservation measures, such as the establishment of marine protected areas and sustainable management of fisheries, will aid natural recolonization and enhance gene flow between distant regions throughout the Mediterranean Basin, allowing the reconnection of distant populations or individual animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protection of species whose populations have been reduced to low numbers should encompass every individual, along with the preservation and enhancement of their habitat, including the potential habitats and ecosystems that might be critical for the species' survival (MacMillan, Moore, Augé, & Chilvers, 2016;Reeves, 2008;Reeves & Reijnders, 2002 The main factors for the recovery of a species include the reduction of human impacts (Lotze, Coll, Magera, Ward-Paige, & Airoldi, 2011). The establishment and enforcement of areas restricted to certain human activities (i.e.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On sightings of (vagrant?) monk seals, Monachus monachus, in the Mediterranean Basin and their importance for the conservation of the species

Bundone

Panou

Molinaroli

2019

Aquatic Conservation

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“…To ensure the persistence and growth of New Zealand sea lion breeding areas on the New Zealand mainland, there will need to be public education about sea lions to reduce harassment, pup deaths from dog attacks, hit and run by cars, and shootings. There will also need to be land-use management and protection of shore areas where sea lions currently and potentially could breed if sea lion breeding areas are to increase and they are to expand back into their original home range of the entire New Zealand coast (MacMillan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Connectivity-resightings Of Tagged Animals and Site Fidelitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural plasticity and population connectivity: Contributors to the establishment of new pinniped breeding colonies

Chilvers

Dobbins²

2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that occur during range shift or (re-)colonization is of critical importance for species whose ranges are changing due to human-induced climate change or species such as New Zealand sea lions where their established colonies are significantly declining due to human impacts.2. The mechanisms underlying colonization are poorly understood. Observations are required to determine the processes that change individual's behaviour associated with colonization, but such observations are rare.3. Here, the establishment of a new breeding colony of New Zealand sea lions, Phocarctos hookeri, as they recolonized mainland New Zealand, an area from which they had been absent for 200 years was investigated.4. There are differences in breeding location behaviour and population connectivity between established and establishing colonies of New Zealand sea lions. The recolonizing population is more dispersed with breeding locations that change annually and have more connections with other populations compared with established colonies and populations.5. The establishment of a new colony and the greater numbers of resightings between colonies means that for species' management, considerably more public education, habitat management, and protection is needed to ensure the safe return of New Zealand sea lions back on to mainland New Zealand.

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“…Although a rare event, recolonization on the mainland is possible (Lalas & Bradshaw, ); if suitable sites can be identified, proactive management and education can be used to facilitate the recolonization process. Recently, analyses on species' habitat preferences and GIS‐based multi‐criteria analysis were used to try identifying such sites (MacMillan, Moore, Augé, & Chilvers, ), but multi‐state SDMs could provide more in‐depth modelling and further support conservation actions (Fourcade, Engler, Besnard, Rödder, & Secondi, ), especially if the species' distinct shifts in terrestrial habitat preferences are accounted for when modelling habitat suitability.…”

Section: Application: the New Zealand Sea Lionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying apart what belongs together: A multi‐state species distribution modelling framework for species using distinct habitats

et al. 2017

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Species distribution models (SDMs) have been used to inform scientists and conservationists about the status and change in occurrence patterns in threatened species. Many mobile species use multiple functionally distinct habitats, and cannot occupy one habitat type without the other being within a reachable distance. For such species, classical applications of SDMs might lead to erroneous representations of habitat suitability, as the complex relationships between predictors are lost when merging occurrence information across multiple habitats. To better account for the spatial arrangement of complementary—yet mandatory—habitat types, it is important to implement modelling strategies that partition occurrence information according to habitat use in a spatial context. Here, we address this issue by introducing a multi‐state SDM framework. The multi‐state SDM framework stratifies occurrences according to the temporal or behavioural use of distinct habitat types, referred to as “states.” Multiple SDMs are then run for each state and statistical thresholds of presence are used to combine these separate predictions. To identify suitable sites that account for distance between habitats, two optional modules are proposed where the thresholded output is aggregated and filtered by minimum area size, or through moving windows across maximum reachable distances. We illustrate the full use of this framework by modelling the dynamic terrestrial breeding habitat preferences of the New Zealand sea lion (NZSL) (Phocarctos hookeri), using Maxent and trialling both modules to identify suitable sites for possible recolonization. The Maxent predictions showed excellent performance, and the multi‐state SDM framework highlighted 36–77 potential suitable breeding sites in the study area. This framework can be applied to inform management when defining habitat suitability for species with complex changes in habitat use. It accounts for temporal and behavioural changes in distribution, maintains the individuality of each partitioned SDM, and considers distance between distinct habitat types. It also yields one final, easy‐to‐understand output for stakeholders and managers.

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GIS-based multi-criteria analysis of breeding habitats for recolonising species: New Zealand sea lions

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

On sightings of (vagrant?) monk seals, Monachus monachus, in the Mediterranean Basin and their importance for the conservation of the species

On sightings of (vagrant?) monk seals, Monachus monachus, in the Mediterranean Basin and their importance for the conservation of the species

Behavioural plasticity and population connectivity: Contributors to the establishment of new pinniped breeding colonies

Quantifying apart what belongs together: A multi‐state species distribution modelling framework for species using distinct habitats

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