GIS-based variability of building materials towards the Île-de-France cuesta (Paris Basin, France): inventory, distribution, uses and relationship with the environment

Turmel, Aurélie; Fronteau, Gilles; Chalumeau, Laurent; Deroin, Jean-Paul; Eyssautier‐Chuine, Stéphanie; Thomachot-Schneider, Céline; Kock, Tim De; Cnudde, Veerle; Barbin, Vincent

doi:10.1144/sp416.16

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Pfleiderer et al (2015) demonstrate that GIS-based techniques can help in the rapid assessment of the quality of material for estimation of possible petrographic composition and technological performance. GISbased techniques are also useful in the evaluation of historical quarry areas and variability of the use of building materials in specific environments, as shown in the example of the Ile-de-France cuesta (Turmel et al 2015).…”

Section: Resource Management and Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

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Theodoridou

et al. 2016

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Inorganic raw materials, here termed geomaterials, derived from the Earth's crust and used in construction after appropriate processing make a genetically and functionally varied group of mineral resources. Although their basic functions have remained almost unchanged for centuries, some new attributes, meanings and impacts on society are still emerging. Geomaterials for construction were among the first mineral raw materials exploited, processed and used by man. They helped in the development of technological and artistic skills of humankind. Accessibility, workability and serviceability are considered here as their main functional attributes, being connected with man's skills to find their occurrence, extract and process them, and then use them in the correct way. However, serviceability is a more complex functional attribute as it also encompasses durability of a material in construction. Durability, that is the ability to withstand the action of weathering/decay processes, is an expression of the dynamic interactions between material and the surrounding environment encompassing not only gradual adaptation of materials to current environmental conditions, but also interactions between materials in construction, the history of maintenance/conservation of the structure and the impact of a polluted environment. In the modern world, sustainable use of raw materials, specifically those exploited in the largest volumes such as geomaterials for construction, raises questions of reducing extraction of primary resources and thus minimizing impacts on natural systems, and also employment of materials and technologies to produce less emission of deleterious substances in to the atmosphere. Use of secondary materials such as waste produced during extraction of primary raw materials and/or re-use of existing structural elements and re-or down-cycling can be considered as modern approaches to reducing the pressure on primary resources.

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Section: Resource Management and Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

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Theodoridou

et al. 2016

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“…Archaeological studies were usually complemented by the geological characterization of the exploited stone via optical microscopy and geochemical analysis in order to trace the origins of dimensional stones used in landmark buildings (Attanasio et al, 2015; Brilli et al, 2018; Korkanç, 2018). All this data were compiled in a regional or a national database (Hyslop et al, 2010; Russell, 2017; Shawarby et al, 2009), sometimes using geographical information systems (Orbons, 2018; Turmel et al, 2016). In addition, quarries were investigated to assess the quality of the produced stone (De Kock et al, 2015; Korkanç, 2018) or the stability of the structure throughout geophysical investigations (Al Heib et al, 2015; Gao et al, 2019; Perrotti et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical underground quarrying: A multidisciplinary research in the Caumont quarry (c. 13th–19th centuries), France

et al. 2022

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Quarries represent 'landscapes archives' as they supplied the stone required for historical buildings. Among them, the Caumont ancient quarry stands out in northern France, with its huge dimensions and its historical role, providing building stones at a regional scale since at least the Middle Ages. The present study aims to approach the quarrying methods used over time in Caumont by means of an optimized methodological approach. The designed methodology combines (1) the 3D modelling of the quarry, (2) archaeological prospection, (3) stratigraphical and microscopical study of the quarried bedrock, and (4) the geochronological approach in stalagmites precipitated inside the quarry. The studied quarry of Caumont was excavated as an open-cast quarry beginning with the escarpments along the River Seine and transformed later to an underground quarry supported by contoured bedrock pillars. The underground quarry with its 12 km of galleries shows a chambers-and-pillars pattern style excavated using two methods, producing an inferred volume of 273,529 m 3 of building stone. The U-Th dating of two stalagmites suggests that quarrying activity had begun since at least the early medieval period and agrees with the excavation techniques and historical documents.

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“…Chalk is a singular limestone widely used in historical constructions and ornamentations in North‐Central Europe (Figure 1a) (Ballesteros et al, 2021; D. A. Bone, 2016; De Kock et al, 2015; Dusar et al, 2011; Turmel et al, 2016), and to a lesser extent in Crete (Gertwagen, 1988), the Middle East (Nurit & Boaz, 2018) and Persia (Rouhi et al, 2017). Chalk is a biomicrite (Folk, 1959) with a fine‐grained matrix made of coccoliths and carbonate algae (<10 µm in size).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most relevant workshops in Western Normandy quarried Jurassic limestone to export ‘Caen Stone’ to other French regions and neighbouring countries, such as England (De Kock et al, 2015; Dujardin, 2006). Other workshops quarrying on Carboniferous, Jurassic and Eocene limestone, sandstone, marble and granite had a regional relevance in northern France (e.g., Paris, Reims, St‐Omer, Amiens and others), Belgium (Limburg province), Luxemburg and northwestern Germany (Devos et al, 2010; Dreesen & Dusar, 2004; Dusar et al, 2009; Fronteau et al, 2010; Turmel et al, 2016). However, chalkstone dominated medieval buildings in Eastern Normandy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sourcing of chalkstone used in medieval buildings in the Eastern Duchy of Normandy (10th−14th centuries) through geological and geochemistry analyses

et al. 2022

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The provenance of medieval building stones links historic constructions with their quarrying areas, thereby revealing medieval trade routes and the spatial organization of past societies. In northern France, the Duchy of Normandy played a significant role in the medieval history of Europe, situated at the centre of the disputes between the English and French kingdoms. However, the historical documentation from this period is scarce, particularly in terms of the quarrying industry. Our study aims to define the quarrying areas and their diffusion zones and map the territorial organization of Eastern Normandy during the 10th-14th centuries. A multidisciplinary procedure using archaeological, geological and geochemical techniques was designed to establish the provenance of Normandy Chalkstone. First, we obtained a representative assembly of building stones by the selection and strategic sampling of 22 buildings. Second, we determined areas of chalk bedrock from a geological map rendered through GIS and sampled chalkstones from natural outcrops and quarries. In total, 118 samples from buildings, quarries and natural outcrops were characterized via optical microscopy and geochemical analyses for major, minor and trace elements (XRF, ICP-MS and ICP-OES), as well as for 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratios (MC-ICP-MS). The application in situ of pXRF analysis allows for the identification of Normandy Chalkstone sources preserved in archaeological sites. The results indicate that all chalkstones came from five local varieties of Normandy Chalkstone and one of Shelly Limestone imported from nearby regions. The suitability of chalkstone as construction material was evaluated in situ using a sclerometer, which revealed that the singular and local geological features of the chalkstone make it suitable for walling. Our study demonstrates the development of a prominent and relatively continued quarrying industry over the 10th to 14th centuries in Eastern Normandy. The main quarrying areas were constituted of three chalkstone diffusion zones that run coevally with smaller and apparently sporadic quarries.

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GIS-based variability of building materials towards the Île-de-France cuesta (Paris Basin, France): inventory, distribution, uses and relationship with the environment

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

Historical underground quarrying: A multidisciplinary research in the Caumont quarry (c. 13th–19th centuries), France

Sourcing of chalkstone used in medieval buildings in the Eastern Duchy of Normandy (10th−14th centuries) through geological and geochemistry analyses

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