GISAXS investigation of nanoparticles in PS-b-PEO block-copolymer films

Sun, Zaicheng; Wolkenhauer, Markus; Bumbu, Gina-Gabriela; Kim, Dong Ha; Gutmann, Jochen S.

doi:10.1016/j.physb.2004.11.043

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…With GISAXS the lateral structures parallel to the substrate surface was studied. [9,10] As a further complementary method, x-ray reflectivity experiments were also used to study the electron density gradient normal to the substrate. [11] In the AFM height image of the titania-block copolymer composite film before calcination (Figure 1a), a seemingly mesoporous structure is visible on the free film surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[9] Figure 3 shows the x-ray reflectivity profile of the film before ( Figure 3a) and after (Figure 3b) calcination. Figure 3a indicates a multiple layer structure with a total thickness of ca.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11] Figure 4 shows the 2D scattering images and corresponding out-of-plane (OOP) cuts along the Yoneda peak position of TiO 2 (parallel to q y ).…”

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Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Cheng

Müller‐Buschbaum

Gutmann

2007

Small

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Bach for the help with XRD measurement. The help from Dr. Sérgio S. Funari with GISAXS measurement at the A2 beamline and the provision of beamtime by the HASYLAB is appreciated. Financial support from the Max Planck Society and the DFG SPP1181 (GU771/2-1 and MU1487/5-1) is greatly appreciated Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.smalljournal.com or from the author.Synthesis of nanostructured anatase TiO 2 thin films has attracted considerable interests in the past decade due to their intriguing physical properties and potential applications in photocatalysis, 1 photovoltaics, gas sensing, and Li ion battery materials. [1] It is of crucial importance to control the morphology of the TiO 2 nanostrucutres because it determines the active-site surface density available for interfacial reactions and charge carrier transfer rate. [2] In terms of structural diversity of TiO 2 nanostrucutres various morphologies including nanoparticles, nanorods, nanotubes, lamellae, and mesoporous structures have been reported. [3] Compared to the conventional morphologies mentioned above, titania nanovesicle structures have been relatively rarely reported due to difficulties in their preparation; [4] Nevertheless the nanovesicle morphology is intrinsically very important because it has several attractive advantages:first, it is a core-shell like multi-compartment system and possesses different environments between inside and outside the vesicle, which allows a selective incorporation of chemical species into the vesicles. Second, for porous Titania, the multi-compartment nature increases the surface area available in interfacial processes, compared to solid nanoparticles.Recently we reported a convenient method to prepare Titania films with morphologies determined by the lyotropic phase behavior of amphiphilic block copolymer. An asymmetric diblock copolymer of poly (styrene)-block-poly (ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) was used as a templating agent, coupling a so-called good-poor solvent pair induced phase separation process with sol-gel chemistry. [5,6] By variation of relative weight ratios among 1, 4-dioxane, HCl, and TTIP, various morphologies including nanovesicles were obtained and a ternary morphology phase diagram was mapped. [5] Based on the results from PS-b-PEO we want to prove in this communication that templating via lyotropic phases available for PS-b-PEO can be generally extended to other amphiphilic block copolymers. To this end an amphiphilic block copolymer of poly (methyl methacrylate)-block-poly (ethylene oxide), PMMA-b-PEO, was synthesized and used as a templating agent to prepare TiO 2 ultrathin films with nanovesicle morphology (Scheme 1 in supporting information). [7] We further show that at large wall thickness to diameter ratios the nanovesicle morphology is stable enough to survive calcination at 400°C, at which the amorphous structure is converted to anatase crystalline 2 phase. Compared to the PS-b-PEO block the use of PMMA as the hydrophobic block is advantage...

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Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Cheng

Müller‐Buschbaum

Gutmann

2007

Small

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“…To tune the diameter as well as the spacing of the particles the organic spheres are shrunk in a plasma etching step before structure transfer [60][61][62]. A similar technique uses diblock copolymer micelles as selfassembling units which are filled with magnetic or nonmagnetic material [28][29][30][63][64][65]. Magnetic dot arrays can be directly created when magnetic core material is used and the organic shell is removed in oxygen plasma [28][29][30].…”

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Fabrication of Magnetic Co/Pt Nanodots Utilizing Filled Diblock Copolymers

Neumann

2012

TOSURSJ

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Abstract:The potential of nanosphere lithography utilizing di-block copolymers is demonstrated. The starting configuration is a single layer of micelles, filled with silica, deposited on a ferromagnetic system. After removing the organic shell the SiO 2 cores remain on the surface and are used as shadow mask for a succeeding ion milling process. It is demonstrated how the magnetic properties of the dots can be varied by tuning either the magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic layer/multilayer or the size of the cores. Dots are created that reveal ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic properties.

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“…Furthermore, their photocatalyst activities [9] could also result in some potential applications, such as environmental purification, decomposition of carbonic acid gas, and generation of hydrogen gas. During the past several years, a variety of methods have been developed to synthesize TiO 2 nanoparticles [10], nanowhiskers [11], nanobelts [12], and nanowires [13], respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation of TiO2 nanowire gas nanosensor by AFM anode oxidation

Liu

et al. 2008

Ultramicroscopy

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GISAXS investigation of nanoparticles in PS-b-PEO block-copolymer films

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Fabrication of Magnetic Co/Pt Nanodots Utilizing Filled Diblock Copolymers

Preparation of TiO2 nanowire gas nanosensor by AFM anode oxidation

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GISAXS investigation of nanoparticles in PS-b-PEO block-copolymer films

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Ultrathin Anatase TiO2 Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Ultrathin Anatase TiO2 Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Fabrication of Magnetic Co/Pt Nanodots Utilizing Filled Diblock Copolymers

Preparation of TiO2 nanowire gas nanosensor by AFM anode oxidation

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Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO

Ultrathin Anatase TiO₂ Films with Stable Vesicle Morphology Templated by PMMA‐b‐PEO