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Jahns, T.M.; Ewen, Heiko; Kaltwasser, Heinrich

doi:10.1023/a:1026052314695

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The UF resin‐based adhesive is quickly dried, quickly dissolved in water, has good properties in the construction of the panel, it is inexpensive and has the smaller the formaldehyde (HCHO) emissions from panel structures. Urea‐formaldehyde (UF) products and hydrolytic processes are the source of air pollution and can cause problems with health . HCHO emissions originated from unreacted HCHO present in UF resins after synthesis and from inactivated acid hydrolysis of UF resin under moisture conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites based on cellulose and starch modified urea‐formaldehyde resin: Hydrolytic, thermal, and radiation stability

Jovanović¹,

Samaržija‐Jovanović²,

Petković³

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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Two biocomposites based on cellulose (UFC) and starch modified urea formaldehyde (UFS) resin (F/U ratio of 0.8) were synthesized using the same procedure. The hydrolitical, thermal, and radiation stability of biocomposites are determined. Also, released formaldehyde during the acid hydrolysis is determined. Biocomposites based on modified UF resin have been irradiated with (50 kGy). Cellulose modified UF resin after γ‐radiation has 1.38% released formaldehyde; unmodified UF resin has 2.21% released formaldehyde. Thermal stability of biocomposites is determined using nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal gravimetry (DTG), and differential thermal analysis with IR spectroscopy. Moving the DTG peak to higher temperatures indicates an increased thermal stability of cellulose modified UF resin, which is confirmed by the FTIR analysis. Gamma radiation most often causes a decrease in the intensity of the peaks in the FTIR spectrum. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1287–1294, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites based on cellulose and starch modified urea‐formaldehyde resin: Hydrolytic, thermal, and radiation stability

Jovanović¹,

Samaržija‐Jovanović²,

Petković³

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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“…As it is a chemically synthesized fertilizer, the release period was affected by the degree of polymerization. There has been previous research & development effort into this slow-release fertilizer, but the in-depth research of forecasting mathematical models was not enough. − To determine the effects of reaction factors on the dependent variable (slow-release nitrogen), regression analyses were performed (Table ). The regression model for slow-release nitrogen ( Y 1 ) resulting from the ratios of urea/formaldehyde ( X 1 ) and formaldehyde/amine ( X 2 ), reaction temperature ( X 3 ), and time ( X 4 ) was calculated (eq ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of optimized, soluble, slow-release nitrogen fertilizers on plant growth were determined using rape (B. campestris L.) "lvxiu91-1" (Qingdao International Seed Co., City, Province, China). The test was conducted in an open agricultural field with Typic, Hapli-Udic Argosols 26 at the New Fertilizer Test Station, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China. Eight kilograms of dry soil was added to each of 28 plastic containers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying and Optimizing Water-Soluble, Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers for Water-Saving Agriculture

et al. 2020

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A novel, eco-friendly, water-soluble, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was developed to enhance water solubility and nitrogen use efficiency. A test was performed to determine the interactive effects of process parameters using a central composite design and response surface methodology. The quadratic polynomial mode for slow-release nitrogen was determined and yielded differences (p < 0.01). The soluble, slow-release nitrogen fertilizers were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance, and the release characteristics of soil nitrogen from the fertilizer at 25 °C were also determined. The effects of the fertilizer on plant growth were determined using rape (Brassica campestris L.) outdoors. Conversion rates from the fertilizer to inorganic nitrogen were 30.0, 52.2, and 60.0% at 7, 24, and 40 days, respectively. This soluble, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer resulted in increased yields and nitrogen use efficiencies in rape plants compared with a standard urea fertilizer. The yields of rape plants treated with a mixture of the fertilizer and urea (BBW100%) were significantly higher than all of the other treatments. When the nitrogen application rate was reduced by 20%, the resulting "SSNF80%" and "BBW80%" treatments produced nearly the same yields as "UREA100%". Nitrogen use efficiencies for treatments with the study fertilizer ("SSNF") and the mixture bulk blend fertilizer ("BBW") were significantly higher than that with urea ("UREA") treatment by 37−52 and 42−43%, respectively. Hence, the fertilizer showed great potential for improving the production of rape and possibly other crops.

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“…It can be observed that Hexion 1 has a high proportion of 70% slow-release N compounds, contributing to a lower nitrogen absorption by the plant, unlike the Hexion 2 and Hexion 3 treatments that have slow-release proportions of 60 and 55% respectively. Nitrogen fertilizers with high percentages of slow-release compounds promote nitrogen release more slowly due to reduced solubility of N fractions, resulting from the formation of long polymer chains between carbon formaldehyde and urea [11][12][13][14]. The proportion of slow-release N compounds and soluble N is important to achieve high yields in soybeans and corn, since both crops develop in only a few months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Foliar Application of Urea and Urea-Formaldehyde/Triazone on Soybean and Corn Crops

Cassim

Machado²,

Fortune

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of urea and urea-formaldehyde, triazone-based fertilizers on soybean and corn crops. Four experiments were carried out, two on soybeans, one on first season corn, and the other on second season corn. The experiments were conducted using a randomized block design, with 5 treatments studied: T1—control without application of foliar nitrogen (N); T2—foliar application of conventional urea solution and three treatments with Hexion foliar fertilizers based on urea-formaldehyde and triazone (N-Hexion®), with varying levels of N and slow-release components; T3—Hexion 1; T4—Hexion 2; and T5—Hexion 3. The foliar application of conventional urea showed no statistically significant difference in relation to the control for the yield components and grain yield for the soybean crops in seasons 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. Urea-formaldehyde/triazone treatments showed a significant increase in yield for soybeans in the 2018–2019 season compared to the control and to conventional urea. Nitrogen fertilizers with high percentages of slow-release compounds promote nitrogen release more slowly, which led to no significant increase in yield for Hexion 1. No statistical differences were observed in the corn yield for the first and second crop.

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Untitled

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Biocomposites based on cellulose and starch modified urea‐formaldehyde resin: Hydrolytic, thermal, and radiation stability

Biocomposites based on cellulose and starch modified urea‐formaldehyde resin: Hydrolytic, thermal, and radiation stability

Applying and Optimizing Water-Soluble, Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers for Water-Saving Agriculture

Effects of Foliar Application of Urea and Urea-Formaldehyde/Triazone on Soybean and Corn Crops

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