Glandular odontogenic cyst: A diagnostic dilemma

Abstract

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare and uncommon jaw bone cyst of odontogenic origin described in 1987 by Gardener et al. as a distinct entity. It is a cyst having an unpredictable, potentially aggressive behavior, and has the propensity to grow in large size with relatively high recurrence rate. It poses a diagnostic challenge as it can be clinically and histopathologically confused with lateral periodontal cyst, botryoid odontogenic cyst, radicular and residual cysts with mucous metaplasia, and low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The present case report describes GOC in both male and female patients with intra-oral swelling following extraction of 36 and 46, respectively. Careful histopathological examination is needed to diagnose GOC, and a careful long-term follow-up is advocated.

Glandular odontogenic cyst of the maxilla: a case report and literature review

“…It may present as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency, which usually shows well-defined borders [ 20 ]. Occasionally, scalloping of the border may be noted, while root resorption and displacement are not commonly seen [ 3 ]. Radiographically, GOC may resemble lesions like radicular cyst, keratocystic odontogenic tumor, ameloblastoma and central giant cell granuloma.…”

“…Gardner et al in 1988 suggested the name ‘Glandular Odontogenic Cyst’ because the cyst wall epithelium was odontogenic and contained mucin elements with absence of salivary tissue [ 2 ]. In 1992, GOC was included in the WHO typing of tumors under the term GOC or sialo-odontogenic cyst [ 3 ]. An important feature of this cyst is that its recognition on the basis of clinical and radiographic features is practically impossible, and only histopathological examination allows for a certain diagnosis [ 4 ].…”

Glandular odontogenic cyst—Report of a rare case

“…The odontogenic origin of this cyst has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry. It usually presents as an asymptomatic, slow‐growing mass in anterior segment of mandible and is seen mostly among the middle‐aged individuals with a slight increased predilection for males …”

“…It usually presents as an asymptomatic, slow-growing mass in anterior segment of mandible and is seen mostly among the middle-aged individuals with a slight increased predilection for males. 3,4 Radiologically, the lesion may appear unilocular or multilocular with defined borders which occasionally may show loss of cortical integrity and root resorption. 5 Histologically, it is characterized by variable thickness of nonkeratinized epithelium consisting of superficial layer of cuboidal or columnar cells that are referred as hobnail cells, and occasionally, these cells may be ciliated.…”

Glandular odontogenic cyst: a report of four cases

“…It was first discussed at the meeting of the International Association of Oral Pathologists in 1984, but was first documented as "sialo-odontogenic cyst" by Padayachee and Van Wyk [3] in 1987. Histologically, in 1988, Gardner et al [4] found that the epithelial lining of this cyst was odontogenic in nature and gave the term "glandular odontogenic cyst," which was later adopted by World Health Organization [5][6][7][8]. Glandular odontogenic cyst is a clinically aggressive lesion that usually requires more radical surgery and longer follow-up than radicular and dentigerous cysts [9].…”