Glässer's Disease

Aragón, Virginia; Segalés, Joaquím; Tucker, Alexander W.

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch54

Cited by 31 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…While H. parasuis can be found in basically all farms, disease is developed in a small percentage of them. Several factors are important in disease development, including the presence of other pathogens in the farm and the virulence of the H. parasuis strains [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust PCR for the differentiation of potential virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis

et al. 2017

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Background Haemophilus parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease in swine. H. parasuis comprises strains with heterogeneous virulence capacity, from non-virulent to highly virulent. Determination of the pathogenic potential of the strains is important for diagnosis and disease control. The virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters (vtaA) genes have been used to predict H. parasuis virulence by PCR amplification of their translocator domains. Here, we report a new and improved PCR designed to detect a different domain of the vtaA genes, the leader sequence (LS) as a diagnostic tool to predict virulence.MethodsA collection of 360 H. parasuis strains was tested by PCR with LS specific primers. Results of the PCR were compared with the clinical origin of the strains and, for a subset of strains, with their phagocytosis and serum resistance using a Chi-square test.ResultsLS-PCR was specific to H. parasuis, and allowed the differential detection of the leader sequences found in clinical and non-clinical isolates. Significant correlation was observed between the results of the LS-PCR and the clinical origin (organ of isolation) of the strains, as well as with their phagocytosis and serum susceptibility, indicating that this PCR is a good predictor of the virulence of the strains. In addition, this new PCR showed a full correlation with the previously validated PCR based on the translocator domain. LS-PCR could be performed in a wide range of annealing temperatures without losing specificity.ConclusionThis newly described PCR based on the leader sequence of the vtaA genes, LS-PCR, is a robust test for the prediction of the virulence potential of H. parasuis strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust PCR for the differentiation of potential virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis

et al. 2017

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“…Haemophilus parasuis is a small, Gram negative, non-motile, pleomorphic rod-shaped, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family [ 1 , 2 ]. H .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H . parasuis is a respiratory pathogen affecting swine and is the etiological agent of Glässer's disease, a systemic infection resulting in arthritis, polyserositis (inflammation of serous membranes), and meningitis [ 2 – 4 ]. Additionally, H .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…parasuis , a direct link between specific virulence factors and the ability to cause systemic disease has not been demonstrated. Accordingly, virulence is thought to be multifactorial [ 2 – 4 ]. Data directly linking specific genes to disease outcomes has been hindered by several substantial complications, the most notable being difficulties in genetic modification of the chromosome due to low transformation efficiencies attributed to strain specific restriction modification barriers, as well as difficulties in consistently reproducing Glässer's disease in conventionally raised pigs due to confounding factors such as age, health status, differences in maternal antibody titers towards H .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomic and methylome analysis of non-virulent D74 and virulent Nagasaki Haemophilus parasuis isolates

et al. 2018

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Haemophilus parasuis is a respiratory pathogen of swine and the etiological agent of Glässer's disease. H. parasuis isolates can exhibit different virulence capabilities ranging from lethal systemic disease to subclinical carriage. To identify genomic differences between phenotypically distinct strains, we obtained the closed whole-genome sequence annotation and genome-wide methylation patterns for the highly virulent Nagasaki strain and for the non-virulent D74 strain. Evaluation of the virulence-associated genes contained within the genomes of D74 and Nagasaki led to the discovery of a large number of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems within both genomes. Five predicted hemolysins were identified as unique to Nagasaki and seven putative contact-dependent growth inhibition toxin proteins were identified only in strain D74. Assessment of all potential vtaA genes revealed thirteen present in the Nagasaki genome and three in the D74 genome. Subsequent evaluation of the predicted protein structure revealed that none of the D74 VtaA proteins contain a collagen triple helix repeat domain. Additionally, the predicted protein sequence for two D74 VtaA proteins is substantially longer than any predicted Nagasaki VtaA proteins. Fifteen methylation sequence motifs were identified in D74 and fourteen methylation sequence motifs were identified in Nagasaki using SMRT sequencing analysis. Only one of the methylation sequence motifs was observed in both strains indicative of the diversity between D74 and Nagasaki. Subsequent analysis also revealed diversity in the restriction-modification systems harbored by D74 and Nagasaki. The collective information reported in this study will aid in the development of vaccines and intervention strategies to decrease the prevalence and disease burden caused by H. parasuis.

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“…A range of haemophilic organisms have been isolated from the upper respiratory tract of pigs with two representatives, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae [2] and Glaesserella parasuis (formerly [Haemophilus] parasuis) [3], being recognized as important pathogens that cause diseases of economic importance around the world [1][2][3][4]. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a contagious respiratory disease [2], while Glaesserella parasuis is the causative agent of a severe systemic disease known as Glässer's disease [4]. The other haemophilic bacteria currently recognized as being present in the pig respiratory tract include three species originally described as being part of the normal flora of the pig -[Actinobacillus] indolicus, [Actinobacillus] minor and [Actinobacillus] porcinus [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Glaesserella australis sp. nov., isolated from the lungs of pigs

Turni

Omaleki

et al. 2020

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Twenty-nine isolates of an unknown haemophilic organism were isolated from the lungs of pigs from 14 farms in Australia. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene, recN and rpoA showed a monophyletic group that was most closely related to Glaesserella parasuis and [ Actinobacillus ] indolicus. Whole genome sequence analysis indicated that the Glaesserella parasuis and this group, using the type strain HS4635T for comparison, showed a similarity of 30.9 % DNA–DNA renaturation. The isolates were Gram-stain-negative, NAD-dependent, CAMP-negative and were oxidase-positive, catalase-negative and produced indole but not urease. The isolates could be separated from all currently recognized haemophilic and non-haemophilic members of the family Pastuerellaceae. Key phenotypic properties were the production of indole, the lack of urease activity, production of β-galactosidase but not α-fucosidase, acid formation from (−)-d-arabinose, (+)-d-galactose, maltose and trehalose and a failure to produce acid from (−)-d-mannitol. Taken together, these data indicate that the isolates belong to a novel species for which the name Glaesserella australis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS4635T (=CCUG 71931T and LMG 30645T).

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Glässer's Disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 100 publications

A robust PCR for the differentiation of potential virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis

A robust PCR for the differentiation of potential virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis

Comparative genomic and methylome analysis of non-virulent D74 and virulent Nagasaki Haemophilus parasuis isolates

Glaesserella australis sp. nov., isolated from the lungs of pigs

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