Glaucoma drainage devices: Literature review

Abstract

One of the leading causes of vision impairment worldwide is glaucoma. Various etiologies for this visual congestion manifest as enlarged intraocular weight (IOP) and optic neuropathy. Nevertheless, the IOP may remain normal in certain situations, such as normotensive glaucoma. Due to its dynamic character, it is essential for an early conclusion even when the degree of vision impairment is mild and cannot be corrected. In complex glaucoma situations where previous trabeculectomy failed, and treatment was not working, glaucoma waste embed operations are becoming a more and more popular option. Plans for glaucoma seepage devices (GDD) vary; they are entwined with understanding the problem and the surgeons' preferences. Following the implantation of a GDD, problems can include the breakdown of the mucosal layer, ejection, plate displacement, hypotony, and endophthalmitis. Different seepage devices are displayed in the showcase; however, some are often used and wellknown. A couple of the most widely utilized GDDs and associated difficulties will be looked at in this article. Four stand out: Ahmed, Krupin, Baerveldt, and Molteno. The GDD's rate of dissatisfaction is zero. It has been well-known in several studies that half of the GDD is still relevant after five years. Therefore, efforts to improve the biomaterials, processes, and design of the GDD are ongoing. Additionally, the surgical method is critical to the success of GDD. The kind of glaucoma is a crucial consideration when selecting a course of treatment, as it also influences the outcome of surgery.