Glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with whole-body cooling

Ennen, Christopher S.; Huisman, Thierry A.G.M.; Savage, William; Northington, Frances J.; Jennings, Jacky M.; Graham, Ernest M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.025

Cited by 118 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A higher proportion of children with acute brain injury had elevated GFAP levels than children with and without a remote history of cerebral infarct [24]. GFAP is an intracellular intermediate filament protein expressed by supporting glial cells in the central nervous system that is known to be elevated in acute brain injury in the general population and may have a role in prediction and diagnosis of acute brain injury in the SCD population [39, 40, 41]. Of particular note is that children with SCD, with or without SCI, had significantly higher levels of GFAP than the general population of children, suggesting that children with SCD are subject to subclinical brain injury, perhaps on a chronic basis, that is not detectable by MRI.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and biomarker studies and neurological complications of pediatric sickle cell disease

Lance

Casella

Barron-Casella

2014

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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Biomarker analysis and proteomic discovery in pediatric sickle cell disease has the potential to lead to important discoveries and improve care. The aim of this review article is to describe proteomic and biomarker articles involving neurological and developmental complications in this population. A systematic review was conducted to identify relevant research publications. Articles were selected for children under the age of 21 years with the most common subtypes of sickle cell disease. Included articles were focused on growth factors (platelet-derived growth factor), intra and extracellular brain proteins (glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and inflammatory and coagulation markers (interleukin-1β, L-selectin, thrombospondin-1, erythrocyte and platelet-derived microparticles). Positive findings include increases in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor and platelet-derived growth factor with elevated transcranial Dopplers velocities, increases in platelet-derived growth factor isoform AA with overt stroke, and increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein with acute brain injury. These promising potential neuro-biomarkers provide insight into pathophysiologic processes and clinical events, but their clinical utility is yet to be established. Additional proteomics research is needed, including broad-based proteomic discovery of plasma constituents and blood cell proteins, as well as urine and cerebrospinal fluid components, before, during and after neurological and developmental complications.

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Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and biomarker studies and neurological complications of pediatric sickle cell disease

Lance

Casella

Barron-Casella

2014

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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“…GFAP was higher in infants with HIE who received therapeutic hypothermia and poorer outcome [21]. Ennes et al showed that GFAP is increased in neonates with HIE undergoing therapeutic hypothermia compared with controls and a further GFAP elevation was found in NE neonates with abnormal neuroimaging [22]. Chalak et al found that cord blood GFAP levels were able to differentiate between mild versus moderate to severe encephalopathy in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (p = 0.001).…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Cerebral Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Biomarkers of Multiorgan Injury in Neonatal Encephalopathy

Aslam

Molloy

2015

Biomark. Med.

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Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a major contributor to neurodevelopmental deficits including cerebral palsy in term and near-term infants. The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome is difficult to predict with certainty in first few days of life. Multiorgan involvement is common but not part of the diagnostic criteria for NE. The most frequently involved organs are the heart, liver, kidneys and hematological system. Cerebral and organ involvement is associated with the release of organ specific biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. These biomarkers may have a role in the assessment of the severity of asphyxia and long-term outcome in neonates with NE.

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“…Studies have explored the use of this marker for the early diagnosis of patients with stroke [84]. Ennen et al [85] observed significantly elevated GFAP concentrations in blood samples in patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy when compared with controls. Systemic infection is one of the main contributing factors to cerebral white matter injury [86], and therefore inflammatory cytokines may be useful as markers of the inflammatory response post-injury.…”

Section: Predictors Of Long-term Neurodevelopmen-tal Outcome Followinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral White Matter Injuries Following a Hypoxic/Ischemic Insult During the Perinatal Period: Pathophysiology, Prognostic Factors, and Future Strategy of Treatment Approach. A Minireview

Zammit

Muscat

Sani³

et al. 2015

CPD

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Recent advances in medical care have significantly improved the survival rate of neonates who suffer a hypoxic/ischemic event, before, during, or after birth. These infants are extremely vulnerable to brain injury and are at high risk of developing motor and cognitive abnormalities later on in life. The regional distribution of perinatal brain injury varies, and depends primarily on; the severity, pattern and type of insult, the metabolic status, and on the gestational age. The principal neuropathological substrate that is affected in the premature infant is cerebral white matter. The aim of this article is to reexamine the current knowledge on the ischemic pathophysiology of all cellular components that comprise the white matter, predict the consequences of the long-term neurological outcome, and analyze possible therapeutic strategies. Although oligodendrocytes have long been regarded as the hallmark of perinatal white matter injury, axons, astrocytes and microglia, all contribute to the complex pattern of brain injury that occurs in this cohort of individuals. It is hoped that a better understanding of the pathophysiology of white matter injury and its underlying prognostic factors, may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for such a complex and debilitating condition.

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Glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with whole-body cooling

Cited by 118 publications

References 34 publications

Proteomic and biomarker studies and neurological complications of pediatric sickle cell disease

Proteomic and biomarker studies and neurological complications of pediatric sickle cell disease

Biomarkers of Multiorgan Injury in Neonatal Encephalopathy

Cerebral White Matter Injuries Following a Hypoxic/Ischemic Insult During the Perinatal Period: Pathophysiology, Prognostic Factors, and Future Strategy of Treatment Approach. A Minireview

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