Glial fibrillary acidic protein in tumor types with cartilaginous differentiation

Abstract

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a member of the intermediary filament protein family. It is an important component of astrocytes and a known diagnostic marker of glial differentiation. GFAP is expressed in other neural tumors and pleomorphic adenoma and, less frequently, in cartilage tumors, chordomas, and soft tissue myoepitheliomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of GFAP and its reliability in nonglial tumors as an immunohistochemical marker. We evaluated GFAP gene and protein expression using Q-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in 81 and 387 cases of soft tissue, bone tumors, and salivary pleomorphic adenomas. Immunohistochemistry staining for GFAP was observed in all osteosarcomas (8 cases), all pleomorphic adenomas (7 cases), in 5 of 6 soft tissue myoepitheliomas, and in 21 of 76 chondrosarcomas. By Q-PCR, GFAP was highly expressed in pleomorphic adenomas and, to a lesser extent, chondrosarcomas, soft tissue myoepitheliomas, and chondroblastic osteosarcomas. The results that we obtained by immunohistochemistry and Q-PCR were well correlated. GFAP is a potential marker for tumors with cartilaginous differentiation, supported by evidence that GFAP is expressed in certain cases of myoepithelial tumors by immunohistochemistry, including soft tissue myoepitheliomas, which are related to cartilaginous differentiation. These findings contribute significantly to the diagnosis of soft tissue myoepitheliomas with cartilaginous differentiation and chondroblastic osteosarcoma in mesenchymal tumors.

Osteosarcoma Cells Differentiate into Phenotypes from all Three Dermal Layers

“…Osteosarcomas are vascular, but the Finally, dexamethasone induced cells expressing markers unique to the endodermal phenotype, hepatocytes. Our results are consistent with those of other studies of nonosteoblast phenotypes, including some ectodermal phenotypes, in osteosarcomas in vivo [2,8,12,23,27,30,39,40,45,46,49]. However, no studies have reported the presence of staining in osteosarcomas in vivo for neurons, oligodendrocytes, skeletal muscle, or adipocytes.…”

Comparative proteomics analysis of human osteosarcoma by 2D DIGE with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS

“…As for moesin, it is a member of the ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) protein family and connects major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. It has been proved that ERM is activated by phosphorylation in OS [23] and ezrin, another member of ERM, is believed to involve in matastatsis in osteosarcoma [24]. It is suggested that ezrin and, potentially, other members of the ERM (ezrin-radixin-moesin) family have key roles in the coordination of signals and cellular complexes that are required for the successful metastasis of these and other malignancies [24].…”

The Dynamic Study in Astrocytes and Cytokines in a Rat Model of Vascular Dementia by Xiongma Dropping Pill

“…GFAP overexpression is an important signs of Ast proliferation when central nervous system is injury. Rats with impairment memory whose Ast hypertrophy and neuronal loss, which shows there are a certain relationship between GFAP-positive cell and impaired memory [5] .…”